Control PWM Fans with an Arduino

Control PWM fans with an Arduino, some basic C# programming and a lot of fun!

Dec 1, 2018

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fans

pwm

monitoring

Components and supplies

Arduino UNO

Project description

Code

Arduino Code

arduino

This is the code that recives the fan speed updates and acts accordingly.

1/*
2 * Thanks to https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vHeG3Gt6STE for the  tutorial
3 * Edited by Simon Granstrm
4 */
5
6word VentPin = 3;
7String  inputString = "";         // a string to hold incoming data
8boolean stringComplete  = false;  // whether the string is complete
9String commandString = "";
10
11boolean  isConnected = false;
12
13byte lastFanSpeed = 0;
14
15void setup() {
16  pinMode(VentPin,  OUTPUT);
17  Serial.begin(9600);
18  pwm25kHzBegin();
19  pwmDuty(30);
20  /*
21  inputString = "#UPDATE45\
22";
23  stringComplete = true;
24  */
25}
26
27void  loop() {
28  CheckForSerial();
29  
30  if(stringComplete)
31  {
32    stringComplete  = false;
33    getCommand();
34    
35    if(commandString.equals("UPDATE"))
36    {
37      UpdateFanSpeed();
38    }
39    
40    inputString = "";
41  }
42}
43
44void pwm25kHzBegin() {
45  TCCR2A = 0;                               //  TC2 Control Register A
46  TCCR2B = 0;                               // TC2 Control  Register B
47  TIMSK2 = 0;                               // TC2 Interrupt Mask  Register
48  TIFR2 = 0;                                // TC2 Interrupt Flag Register
49  TCCR2A |= (1 << COM2B1) | (1 << WGM21) | (1 << WGM20);  // OC2B cleared/set on  match when up/down counting, fast PWM
50  TCCR2B |= (1 << WGM22) | (1 << CS21);     // prescaler 8
51  OCR2A = 79;                               // TOP overflow  value (Hz)
52  OCR2B = 0;
53}
54
55void pwmDuty(byte ocrb) {
56  OCR2B = ocrb;                             // PWM Width (duty)
57}
58
59void getCommand()
60{
61  if(inputString.length()>0)
62  {
63     commandString = inputString.substring(1,7);
64  }
65}
66
67void UpdateFanSpeed() {
68  int newFanSpeed = (inputString.substring(7,inputString.length())).toInt();
69  
70  if (newFanSpeed != lastFanSpeed) {
71    pwmDuty((byte)(newFanSpeed / (100  / 79)));
72    lastFanSpeed = newFanSpeed;
73  }
74}
75
76void CheckForSerial()  {
77  while (Serial.available()) {
78    // get the new byte:
79    char inChar  = (char)Serial.read();
80    // add it to the inputString:
81    inputString +=  inChar;
82    // if the incoming character is a newline, set a flag
83    // so  the main loop can do something about it:
84    if (inChar == '\n') {
85      stringComplete  = true;
86    }
87  }
88}
89

/*
 * Thanks to https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vHeG3Gt6STE for the  tutorial
 * Edited by Simon Granstrm
 */

word VentPin = 3;
String  inputString = "";         // a string to hold incoming data
boolean stringComplete  = false;  // whether the string is complete
String commandString = "";

boolean  isConnected = false;

byte lastFanSpeed = 0;

void setup() {
  pinMode(VentPin,  OUTPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);
  pwm25kHzBegin();
  pwmDuty(30);
  /*
  inputString = "#UPDATE45\
";
  stringComplete = true;
  */
}

void  loop() {
  CheckForSerial();
  
  if(stringComplete)
  {
    stringComplete  = false;
    getCommand();
    
    if(commandString.equals("UPDATE"))
    {
      UpdateFanSpeed();
    }
    
    inputString = "";
  }
}

void pwm25kHzBegin() {
  TCCR2A = 0;                               //  TC2 Control Register A
  TCCR2B = 0;                               // TC2 Control  Register B
  TIMSK2 = 0;                               // TC2 Interrupt Mask  Register
  TIFR2 = 0;                                // TC2 Interrupt Flag Register
  TCCR2A |= (1 << COM2B1) | (1 << WGM21) | (1 << WGM20);  // OC2B cleared/set on  match when up/down counting, fast PWM
  TCCR2B |= (1 << WGM22) | (1 << CS21);     // prescaler 8
  OCR2A = 79;                               // TOP overflow  value (Hz)
  OCR2B = 0;
}

void pwmDuty(byte ocrb) {
  OCR2B = ocrb;                             // PWM Width (duty)
}

void getCommand()
{
  if(inputString.length()>0)
  {
     commandString = inputString.substring(1,7);
  }
}

void UpdateFanSpeed() {
  int newFanSpeed = (inputString.substring(7,inputString.length())).toInt();
  
  if (newFanSpeed != lastFanSpeed) {
    pwmDuty((byte)(newFanSpeed / (100  / 79)));
    lastFanSpeed = newFanSpeed;
  }
}

void CheckForSerial()  {
  while (Serial.available()) {
    // get the new byte:
    char inChar  = (char)Serial.read();
    // add it to the inputString:
    inputString +=  inChar;
    // if the incoming character is a newline, set a flag
    // so  the main loop can do something about it:
    if (inChar == '\n') {
      stringComplete  = true;
    }
  }
}

C# Program

csharp

This is the program that reads and sends updates to the arduino. Some code is unnecessary but I don't have the motivation to clean it up right now.

1using System;
2using System.Collections.Generic;
3using System.IO;
4using  System.IO.Ports;
5using System.Linq;
6using System.Management;
7using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
8using  System.Text;
9using System.Threading.Tasks;
10using OpenHardwareMonitor.Hardware;
11
12namespace  ArduinoPWMController
13{
14    public class Program
15    {
16        [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
17        static extern IntPtr GetConsoleWindow();
18
19        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
20        static extern bool ShowWindow(IntPtr hWnd, int nCmdShow);
21
22        const  int SW_HIDE = 0;
23        const int SW_SHOW = 5;
24
25        static void Main(string[]  args)
26        {
27            /*
28             * Cred to : https://stackoverflow.com/a/3571628  for the console hide function.
29             */
30            var handle = GetConsoleWindow();
31
32            // Hide or Show console
33            ShowWindow(handle, SW_HIDE);
34
35            Controller controller = new Controller();
36
37            while (true)
38            {
39                float cpuTemp = CpuTemperature.CpuTemp.GetCpuTemp();
40                Console.WriteLine("Current temp: " + cpuTemp.ToString());
41
42                if (cpuTemp < 50) //Under 40 C
43                {
44                    controller.UpdateFanSpeed(35);
45                }
46                else if (cpuTemp >= 50 && cpuTemp < 57) //Between  50 and 57 C
47                {
48                    controller.UpdateFanSpeed(45);
49                }
50                else if (cpuTemp >= 57 && cpuTemp < 62) //Between  57 and 62C
51                {
52                    controller.UpdateFanSpeed(55);
53                }
54                else //Above 62 C
55                {
56                    controller.UpdateFanSpeed(100);
57                }
58
59                System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(5000);
60            }
61        }
62    }
63
64    /*
65     * Credit for the base controller class https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vHeG3Gt6STE
66     * Edited by: Simon Granstrm
67     */
68
69    public class Controller
70    {
71        bool isConnected = false;
72        string selectedPort;
73        String[]  ports;
74        SerialPort port;
75
76        public Controller()
77        {
78            getAvailableComPorts();
79
80            /*foreach (string port in  ports)
81            {
82                Console.WriteLine(port);
83            }
84            Console.WriteLine("");
85
86            Console.Write("Choose a  port: ");
87
88            selectedPort = Console.ReadLine();
89
90            Console.WriteLine("");*/
91
92            selectedPort = "COM3";
93
94            connectToArduino();
95        }
96
97        private void getAvailableComPorts()
98        {
99            ports  = SerialPort.GetPortNames();
100        }
101
102        private void connectToArduino()
103        {
104            isConnected = true;
105            port = new SerialPort(selectedPort,  9600, Parity.None, 8, StopBits.One);
106            port.Open();
107        }
108
109        private void disconnectFromArduino()
110        {
111            isConnected  = false;
112            port.Close();
113        }
114
115        public void UpdateFanSpeed(int  _percentage)
116        {
117            //float arduinoValue = _percentage / (100f  / 79f);
118
119            //Console.WriteLine("Sending: " + arduinoValue.ToString());
120
121            string _send = "#UPDATE" + _percentage.ToString() + "\
122";
123            port.Write(_send);
124            Console.WriteLine("Sent: " + _send);
125        }
126    }
127}
128
129/*
130  * Major thanks to https://openhardwaremonitor.org/downloads/.
131 * Also thanks  to  https://www.hackster.io/haoming-weng/get-cpu-temperature-using-open-hardware-monitor-in-c-1a3338  for the instructions.
132 */
133
134namespace CpuTemperature
135{
136    class CpuTemp
137    {
138        public class UpdateVisitor : IVisitor
139        {
140            public  void VisitComputer(IComputer computer)
141            {
142                computer.Traverse(this);
143            }
144            public void VisitHardware(IHardware hardware)
145            {
146                hardware.Update();
147                foreach (IHardware subHardware  in hardware.SubHardware) subHardware.Accept(this);
148            }
149            public  void VisitSensor(ISensor sensor) { }
150            public void VisitParameter(IParameter  parameter) { }
151        }
152
153        public static float GetCpuTemp()
154        {
155            UpdateVisitor updateVisitor = new UpdateVisitor();
156            Computer computer = new Computer();
157            computer.Open();
158            computer.CPUEnabled = true;
159            computer.Accept(updateVisitor);
160
161            float combinedTemp = 0;
162            int numberOfSensors = 0;
163
164            for (int i = 0; i < computer.Hardware.Length; i++)
165            {
166                if (computer.Hardware[i].HardwareType == HardwareType.CPU)
167                {
168                    for (int j = 0; j < computer.Hardware[i].Sensors.Length; j++)
169                    {
170                        if (computer.Hardware[i].Sensors[j].SensorType  == SensorType.Temperature)
171                        {
172                            combinedTemp  += (float)computer.Hardware[i].Sensors[j].Value;
173                            numberOfSensors++;
174                        }
175                    }
176                }
177            }
178
179            float avgTemp = combinedTemp / numberOfSensors;
180
181            computer.Close();
182
183            return avgTemp;
184        }
185    }
186}
187

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using  System.IO.Ports;
using System.Linq;
using System.Management;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using  System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using OpenHardwareMonitor.Hardware;

namespace  ArduinoPWMController
{
    public class Program
    {
        [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
        static extern IntPtr GetConsoleWindow();

        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        static extern bool ShowWindow(IntPtr hWnd, int nCmdShow);

        const  int SW_HIDE = 0;
        const int SW_SHOW = 5;

        static void Main(string[]  args)
        {
            /*
             * Cred to : https://stackoverflow.com/a/3571628  for the console hide function.
             */
            var handle = GetConsoleWindow();

            // Hide or Show console
            ShowWindow(handle, SW_HIDE);

            Controller controller = new Controller();

            while (true)
            {
                float cpuTemp = CpuTemperature.CpuTemp.GetCpuTemp();
                Console.WriteLine("Current temp: " + cpuTemp.ToString());

                if (cpuTemp < 50) //Under 40 C
                {
                    controller.UpdateFanSpeed(35);
                }
                else if (cpuTemp >= 50 && cpuTemp < 57) //Between  50 and 57 C
                {
                    controller.UpdateFanSpeed(45);
                }
                else if (cpuTemp >= 57 && cpuTemp < 62) //Between  57 and 62C
                {
                    controller.UpdateFanSpeed(55);
                }
                else //Above 62 C
                {
                    controller.UpdateFanSpeed(100);
                }

                System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(5000);
            }
        }
    }

    /*
     * Credit for the base controller class https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vHeG3Gt6STE
     * Edited by: Simon Granstrm
     */

    public class Controller
    {
        bool isConnected = false;
        string selectedPort;
        String[]  ports;
        SerialPort port;

        public Controller()
        {
            getAvailableComPorts();

            /*foreach (string port in  ports)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(port);
            }
            Console.WriteLine("");

            Console.Write("Choose a  port: ");

            selectedPort = Console.ReadLine();

            Console.WriteLine("");*/

            selectedPort = "COM3";

            connectToArduino();
        }

        private void getAvailableComPorts()
        {
            ports  = SerialPort.GetPortNames();
        }

        private void connectToArduino()
        {
            isConnected = true;
            port = new SerialPort(selectedPort,  9600, Parity.None, 8, StopBits.One);
            port.Open();
        }

        private void disconnectFromArduino()
        {
            isConnected  = false;
            port.Close();
        }

        public void UpdateFanSpeed(int  _percentage)
        {
            //float arduinoValue = _percentage / (100f  / 79f);

            //Console.WriteLine("Sending: " + arduinoValue.ToString());

            string _send = "#UPDATE" + _percentage.ToString() + "\
";
            port.Write(_send);
            Console.WriteLine("Sent: " + _send);
        }
    }
}

/*
  * Major thanks to https://openhardwaremonitor.org/downloads/.
 * Also thanks  to  https://www.hackster.io/haoming-weng/get-cpu-temperature-using-open-hardware-monitor-in-c-1a3338  for the instructions.
 */

namespace CpuTemperature
{
    class CpuTemp
    {
        public class UpdateVisitor : IVisitor
        {
            public  void VisitComputer(IComputer computer)
            {
                computer.Traverse(this);
            }
            public void VisitHardware(IHardware hardware)
            {
                hardware.Update();
                foreach (IHardware subHardware  in hardware.SubHardware) subHardware.Accept(this);
            }
            public  void VisitSensor(ISensor sensor) { }
            public void VisitParameter(IParameter  parameter) { }
        }

        public static float GetCpuTemp()
        {
            UpdateVisitor updateVisitor = new UpdateVisitor();
            Computer computer = new Computer();
            computer.Open();
            computer.CPUEnabled = true;
            computer.Accept(updateVisitor);

            float combinedTemp = 0;
            int numberOfSensors = 0;

            for (int i = 0; i < computer.Hardware.Length; i++)
            {
                if (computer.Hardware[i].HardwareType == HardwareType.CPU)
                {
                    for (int j = 0; j < computer.Hardware[i].Sensors.Length; j++)
                    {
                        if (computer.Hardware[i].Sensors[j].SensorType  == SensorType.Temperature)
                        {
                            combinedTemp  += (float)computer.Hardware[i].Sensors[j].Value;
                            numberOfSensors++;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            float avgTemp = combinedTemp / numberOfSensors;

            computer.Close();

            return avgTemp;
        }
    }
}

Arduino Code

arduino

This is the code that recives the fan speed updates and acts accordingly.

1/*
2 * Thanks to https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vHeG3Gt6STE for the
3  tutorial
4 * Edited by Simon Granstrm
5 */
6
7word VentPin = 3;
8String
9  inputString = "";         // a string to hold incoming data
10boolean stringComplete
11  = false;  // whether the string is complete
12String commandString = "";
13
14boolean
15  isConnected = false;
16
17byte lastFanSpeed = 0;
18
19void setup() {
20  pinMode(VentPin,
21  OUTPUT);
22  Serial.begin(9600);
23  pwm25kHzBegin();
24  pwmDuty(30);
25  /*
26
27  inputString = "#UPDATE45\
28";
29  stringComplete = true;
30  */
31}
32
33void
34  loop() {
35  CheckForSerial();
36  
37  if(stringComplete)
38  {
39    stringComplete
40  = false;
41    getCommand();
42    
43    if(commandString.equals("UPDATE"))
44
45    {
46      UpdateFanSpeed();
47    }
48    
49    inputString = "";
50
51  }
52}
53
54void pwm25kHzBegin() {
55  TCCR2A = 0;                               //
56  TC2 Control Register A
57  TCCR2B = 0;                               // TC2 Control
58  Register B
59  TIMSK2 = 0;                               // TC2 Interrupt Mask
60  Register
61  TIFR2 = 0;                                // TC2 Interrupt Flag Register
62
63  TCCR2A |= (1 << COM2B1) | (1 << WGM21) | (1 << WGM20);  // OC2B cleared/set on
64  match when up/down counting, fast PWM
65  TCCR2B |= (1 << WGM22) | (1 << CS21);
66     // prescaler 8
67  OCR2A = 79;                               // TOP overflow
68  value (Hz)
69  OCR2B = 0;
70}
71
72void pwmDuty(byte ocrb) {
73  OCR2B = ocrb;
74                             // PWM Width (duty)
75}
76
77void getCommand()
78{
79
80  if(inputString.length()>0)
81  {
82     commandString = inputString.substring(1,7);
83
84  }
85}
86
87void UpdateFanSpeed() {
88  int newFanSpeed = (inputString.substring(7,inputString.length())).toInt();
89
90  
91  if (newFanSpeed != lastFanSpeed) {
92    pwmDuty((byte)(newFanSpeed / (100
93  / 79)));
94    lastFanSpeed = newFanSpeed;
95  }
96}
97
98void CheckForSerial()
99  {
100  while (Serial.available()) {
101    // get the new byte:
102    char inChar
103  = (char)Serial.read();
104    // add it to the inputString:
105    inputString +=
106  inChar;
107    // if the incoming character is a newline, set a flag
108    // so
109  the main loop can do something about it:
110    if (inChar == '\
111') {
112      stringComplete
113  = true;
114    }
115  }
116}
117

/*
 * Thanks to https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vHeG3Gt6STE for the
  tutorial
 * Edited by Simon Granstrm
 */

word VentPin = 3;
String
  inputString = "";         // a string to hold incoming data
boolean stringComplete
  = false;  // whether the string is complete
String commandString = "";

boolean
  isConnected = false;

byte lastFanSpeed = 0;

void setup() {
  pinMode(VentPin,
  OUTPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);
  pwm25kHzBegin();
  pwmDuty(30);
  /*

  inputString = "#UPDATE45\
";
  stringComplete = true;
  */
}

void
  loop() {
  CheckForSerial();
  
  if(stringComplete)
  {
    stringComplete
  = false;
    getCommand();
    
    if(commandString.equals("UPDATE"))

    {
      UpdateFanSpeed();
    }
    
    inputString = "";

  }
}

void pwm25kHzBegin() {
  TCCR2A = 0;                               //
  TC2 Control Register A
  TCCR2B = 0;                               // TC2 Control
  Register B
  TIMSK2 = 0;                               // TC2 Interrupt Mask
  Register
  TIFR2 = 0;                                // TC2 Interrupt Flag Register

  TCCR2A |= (1 << COM2B1) | (1 << WGM21) | (1 << WGM20);  // OC2B cleared/set on
  match when up/down counting, fast PWM
  TCCR2B |= (1 << WGM22) | (1 << CS21);
     // prescaler 8
  OCR2A = 79;                               // TOP overflow
  value (Hz)
  OCR2B = 0;
}

void pwmDuty(byte ocrb) {
  OCR2B = ocrb;
                             // PWM Width (duty)
}

void getCommand()
{

  if(inputString.length()>0)
  {
     commandString = inputString.substring(1,7);

  }
}

void UpdateFanSpeed() {
  int newFanSpeed = (inputString.substring(7,inputString.length())).toInt();

  
  if (newFanSpeed != lastFanSpeed) {
    pwmDuty((byte)(newFanSpeed / (100
  / 79)));
    lastFanSpeed = newFanSpeed;
  }
}

void CheckForSerial()
  {
  while (Serial.available()) {
    // get the new byte:
    char inChar
  = (char)Serial.read();
    // add it to the inputString:
    inputString +=
  inChar;
    // if the incoming character is a newline, set a flag
    // so
  the main loop can do something about it:
    if (inChar == '\
') {
      stringComplete
  = true;
    }
  }
}

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