Multi-Zone Heating Controller

The smart solution to control multiple zone heating in your house, Controlling the Floor Unit pump will save you over 150 Euro/Year!

Jul 30, 2017

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22 respects

energy efficiency

home automation

greener planet

Components and supplies

Arduino UNO

Honeywell MT8-230-NC Small Linear Thermoelectric Actuator (230v AC)

Keyes 8 channel 5Volt relay board

Project description

Code

Devices.h

c_cpp

1// Helper classes for IO devices
2extern void printTimeStamp(); // defined  in main ino file
3
4// IODevice: base class for all IO devices; needs specialization
5class  IODevice { 
6  //vars
7  protected:
8  bool _IsOn;
9  int _Pin;
10  String  _Name;
11  
12  //constructor
13  public:
14  IODevice(int pin, String name)   {
15    _IsOn = false;
16    _Pin = pin;
17    _Name= name;
18  }
19  //methods
20  virtual bool IsOn() = 0; // abstract
21  virtual bool IsOff() {   // default  for all
22    return !IsOn();
23  }
24
25  void DebugPrint()   {
26    printTimeStamp();
27    Serial.print(": ");
28    Print();
29  }
30  void Print() {
31    Serial.print(_Name);
32    Serial.print(" on pin(");
33    Serial.print(_Pin);
34    if (_IsOn)
35      Serial.println(") = On");
36    else
37      Serial.println(") = Off");
38  }
39};
40
41// Thermostat: reads an digital input adding some dender surpression  
42class Thermostat : public IODevice  
43{
44  //vars
45  private:
46  int  _Counter; // used to prevent reading intermitted switching (dender)
47  
48  //constructor
49  public:
50  Thermostat(int pin, String name) : IODevice(pin, name)   {
51    _Counter  = 0;
52    pinMode(_Pin, INPUT_PULLUP); 
53  }
54
55  //methods  
56  virtual  bool IsOn()   {
57    if (digitalRead(_Pin) == HIGH  && _IsOn == true) // open  contact while on
58    {
59      if( _Counter++ > 5) // only act after  5 times  the same read out
60      {
61         _IsOn = false;
62         DebugPrint();
63         _Counter = 0;
64      }
65    }
66    else if (digitalRead(_Pin) ==  LOW  && _IsOn == false) // closed contact while off
67    {
68      if( _Counter++  > 5) // only act after  5 times the same read out
69      {
70         _IsOn =  true;
71         DebugPrint();
72         _Counter = 0;
73      }
74    }
75    else 
76    {
77       _Counter = 0;
78    }
79    return _IsOn;
80  }
81};
82
83//  Manipulator: the most basic working device on an digital output  
84class Manipulator  : public IODevice
85{
86  //vars
87  private:
88
89  //constructor
90  public:
91  Manipulator(int pin, String name)  : IODevice(pin, name)   {
92    pinMode(_Pin,  OUTPUT);   
93    digitalWrite(_Pin, HIGH);
94  }
95  //methods
96  void On()    {
97    if (_IsOn == false)
98    {
99      _IsOn = true;
100      digitalWrite(_Pin,  LOW);
101      onSwitch();
102    }
103  }
104
105  void Off()   {
106    if (_IsOn  == true)
107    {
108      _IsOn = false;
109      digitalWrite(_Pin, HIGH);
110      onSwitch();
111    }
112  }
113
114  virtual void onSwitch() {  // trigger  for child claases; change in on/off state
115     DebugPrint();  
116  }
117
118  virtual bool IsOn()   {
119    return _IsOn;
120  }
121};
122
123// Valve: controlles  themostatic valves on a digital output. 
124// These valves react slowly (3-5 minutes)  so this class adds this transition awareness
125// loop() must call Update() to  keep track if the valve is fully open or closed
126class Valve : public Manipulator
127{
128  private:
129  long transitionCount;
130
131    //constructor
132  public:
133  Valve(int pin, String name) : Manipulator(pin, name)   {
134    transitionCount  = 0;
135  }
136
137  bool ValveIsOpen()   {
138    return (IsOn() && (transitionCount>=VALVE_TIME));  // at least 5 minutes in on state
139  }
140  
141  // Execute once per pass in  the sketch loop() !!!
142  void Update()   { 
143    if (IsOn())     {
144      if  (transitionCount < VALVE_TIME)
145        transitionCount++;
146    }
147    else     {
148      if (transitionCount > 0)
149        transitionCount--;
150    }
151  }
152};
153
154
155// Pump: a pump need to be activated several times a week to  keep them going. 
156// loop() must call Update() to keep track when a maintenance  activation is needed
157class Pump : public Manipulator
158{
159  // valves react  slowly (3-5 minutes) so this class adds this transition awareness
160  private:
161  long counter;
162  bool doMaintenance;
163
164    //constructor
165  public:
166  Pump(int pin, String name) : Manipulator(pin, name)   {
167    counter = 0;
168    doMaintenance = false;
169  }
170
171  bool doMaintenanceRun()   {
172    return  doMaintenance;
173  }
174
175  virtual void onSwitch() {  // change in on/off state
176     Manipulator::onSwitch();  
177     counter = 0;
178  }
179
180  // run this  method every pass in loop() 
181  void Update()   {
182    if (IsOn()) {
183      if  (counter < PUMP_ACTIVATION_TIME) {
184        counter++;
185      } else if (doMaintenance)  {
186        printTimeStamp();
187        Serial.println(": Pump Maintenance cleared");
188        doMaintenance = false;
189      }
190    }
191    else {
192      if (counter  < PUMP_MAINTENANCE_TIME) {
193        counter++;
194      }  else if (doMaintenance==false)  {
195        printTimeStamp();
196        Serial.println(": Pump Maintenance needed");
197        doMaintenance = true;
198      }
199    }
200  }
201};
202
203// LED; besides  on/off it offers a method to alternate the LED (1Hz)
204// just call Alternate()  from the loop() to activate alternation
205class LED : public Manipulator
206{
207  private:
208  long counter;
209
210    //constructor
211  public:
212  LED(int  pin, String name) : Manipulator(pin, name)   {
213    counter = 0;
214  }
215
216  virtual void onSwitch() {  // change in on/off state
217    // surpress printing  debug output for LEDs
218  }
219
220  void Alternate() {
221  #ifdef FAST_MODE
222    if (counter++ > 250)
223  #else
224    if (counter++ > 5)
225  #endif  
226    {  // toggle LED 
227      counter=0;
228      if (IsOn())
229        Off();
230      else
231        On();
232    }
233  }
234};
235
236
237

// Helper classes for IO devices
extern void printTimeStamp(); // defined  in main ino file

// IODevice: base class for all IO devices; needs specialization
class  IODevice { 
  //vars
  protected:
  bool _IsOn;
  int _Pin;
  String  _Name;
  
  //constructor
  public:
  IODevice(int pin, String name)   {
    _IsOn = false;
    _Pin = pin;
    _Name= name;
  }
  //methods
  virtual bool IsOn() = 0; // abstract
  virtual bool IsOff() {   // default  for all
    return !IsOn();
  }

  void DebugPrint()   {
    printTimeStamp();
    Serial.print(": ");
    Print();
  }
  void Print() {
    Serial.print(_Name);
    Serial.print(" on pin(");
    Serial.print(_Pin);
    if (_IsOn)
      Serial.println(") = On");
    else
      Serial.println(") = Off");
  }
};

// Thermostat: reads an digital input adding some dender surpression  
class Thermostat : public IODevice  
{
  //vars
  private:
  int  _Counter; // used to prevent reading intermitted switching (dender)
  
  //constructor
  public:
  Thermostat(int pin, String name) : IODevice(pin, name)   {
    _Counter  = 0;
    pinMode(_Pin, INPUT_PULLUP); 
  }

  //methods  
  virtual  bool IsOn()   {
    if (digitalRead(_Pin) == HIGH  && _IsOn == true) // open  contact while on
    {
      if( _Counter++ > 5) // only act after  5 times  the same read out
      {
         _IsOn = false;
         DebugPrint();
         _Counter = 0;
      }
    }
    else if (digitalRead(_Pin) ==  LOW  && _IsOn == false) // closed contact while off
    {
      if( _Counter++  > 5) // only act after  5 times the same read out
      {
         _IsOn =  true;
         DebugPrint();
         _Counter = 0;
      }
    }
    else 
    {
       _Counter = 0;
    }
    return _IsOn;
  }
};

//  Manipulator: the most basic working device on an digital output  
class Manipulator  : public IODevice
{
  //vars
  private:

  //constructor
  public:
  Manipulator(int pin, String name)  : IODevice(pin, name)   {
    pinMode(_Pin,  OUTPUT);   
    digitalWrite(_Pin, HIGH);
  }
  //methods
  void On()    {
    if (_IsOn == false)
    {
      _IsOn = true;
      digitalWrite(_Pin,  LOW);
      onSwitch();
    }
  }

  void Off()   {
    if (_IsOn  == true)
    {
      _IsOn = false;
      digitalWrite(_Pin, HIGH);
      onSwitch();
    }
  }

  virtual void onSwitch() {  // trigger  for child claases; change in on/off state
     DebugPrint();  
  }

  virtual bool IsOn()   {
    return _IsOn;
  }
};

// Valve: controlles  themostatic valves on a digital output. 
// These valves react slowly (3-5 minutes)  so this class adds this transition awareness
// loop() must call Update() to  keep track if the valve is fully open or closed
class Valve : public Manipulator
{
  private:
  long transitionCount;

    //constructor
  public:
  Valve(int pin, String name) : Manipulator(pin, name)   {
    transitionCount  = 0;
  }

  bool ValveIsOpen()   {
    return (IsOn() && (transitionCount>=VALVE_TIME));  // at least 5 minutes in on state
  }
  
  // Execute once per pass in  the sketch loop() !!!
  void Update()   { 
    if (IsOn())     {
      if  (transitionCount < VALVE_TIME)
        transitionCount++;
    }
    else     {
      if (transitionCount > 0)
        transitionCount--;
    }
  }
};


// Pump: a pump need to be activated several times a week to  keep them going. 
// loop() must call Update() to keep track when a maintenance  activation is needed
class Pump : public Manipulator
{
  // valves react  slowly (3-5 minutes) so this class adds this transition awareness
  private:
  long counter;
  bool doMaintenance;

    //constructor
  public:
  Pump(int pin, String name) : Manipulator(pin, name)   {
    counter = 0;
    doMaintenance = false;
  }

  bool doMaintenanceRun()   {
    return  doMaintenance;
  }

  virtual void onSwitch() {  // change in on/off state
     Manipulator::onSwitch();  
     counter = 0;
  }

  // run this  method every pass in loop() 
  void Update()   {
    if (IsOn()) {
      if  (counter < PUMP_ACTIVATION_TIME) {
        counter++;
      } else if (doMaintenance)  {
        printTimeStamp();
        Serial.println(": Pump Maintenance cleared");
        doMaintenance = false;
      }
    }
    else {
      if (counter  < PUMP_MAINTENANCE_TIME) {
        counter++;
      }  else if (doMaintenance==false)  {
        printTimeStamp();
        Serial.println(": Pump Maintenance needed");
        doMaintenance = true;
      }
    }
  }
};

// LED; besides  on/off it offers a method to alternate the LED (1Hz)
// just call Alternate()  from the loop() to activate alternation
class LED : public Manipulator
{
  private:
  long counter;

    //constructor
  public:
  LED(int  pin, String name) : Manipulator(pin, name)   {
    counter = 0;
  }

  virtual void onSwitch() {  // change in on/off state
    // surpress printing  debug output for LEDs
  }

  void Alternate() {
  #ifdef FAST_MODE
    if (counter++ > 250)
  #else
    if (counter++ > 5)
  #endif  
    {  // toggle LED 
      counter=0;
      if (IsOn())
        Off();
      else
        On();
    }
  }
};

ProjectCV.ino

c_cpp

1/* 
2 *  Floor Unit heating controller for multiple Rooms/Zones v1.0
3   * 
4 *  Copyright: the GNU General Public License version 3 (GPL-3.0) by Eric   Kreuwels, 2017
5 *  Credits: Peter Kreuwels for defining all use-cases that needed   to be considered
6 *   
7 *  Although this setup already runs for over a full   year for my ground floor, I'm not Liable for any error in the code
8 *  It can   be used as a good basis for your own needs, and should be tested before using
9   *   
10 *  Highlights/Features:
11 *   - You only need to configure the pinning   and number of zones 
12 *     - A simple Arduino Uno can control up to 5 Floor   Unit zones
13 *     - With an Arduino Mega the number of Zones is nearly unlimmited
14   *   - The provided Program controls: 
15 *       - the Floor unit pump
16 *       -   Aggregates all your zones as just one thermostat to the CV heater
17 *       -   Valves to open/close zones
18 *   - Allows individual Heating per Zone; 
19 *      - Per zone a Thermostat to sense the request for heating
20 *     - Per zone   a Relay to control one or more valves to open/close the Floor unit groups of that   zone
21 *     - A room with multiple floor unit groups can be considered as one   heating Zone (Wire the valves parallel to the Zone Relay)
22 *     - This is not   only more convenient, but saves energy as well as rooms don't become too warm anymore
23   *   - Controls the Floor Unit Pump
24 *     - It basically only runs the pump when   needed for heating. This already saves you 100-200 Euro electricity per year, 
25   *       compared to run the same pump 24/7 (80 Watt is 2kW Hour a day = 0.50 Euro   per day)
26 *     - Activates the floor unit pump at least once every 36 hours,   for 8 minutes if there wasn't any heating request (Summer)
27 *     - Prevents   to Run the pump without opening the valves first; Taking into account these valves   need 3-5 minutes
28 *   - Optionally you can control the remainder of your house   (rooms without floor heating) as well
29 *     - Here you typically will have thermostat   knobs on your radiators; so only the rooms that are cold will heat up
30 *     -   Just add a thermostat in the room(s) you want to control. Wire these thermostats   in parallel to the No_Zone input
31 *   - Final notes:
32 *     - Not all zones   need to be controlled; only the zones that become either to warm or stay too cold   with 
33 *       manual adjusted knobs on the floor unit
34 */
35
36#include   <avr/wdt.h> // for Watchdog
37
38// WARNING: FAST_MODE is for testing/evaluation/debug   purposes (loop runs 50x faster)
39// Be carefull using FAST_MODE with a real floor   unit pump as it can get damaged with closed valves
40// Valves need minimal 3 minutes   to open. In FAST_MODE the program doesn't wait long enough before starting the pump
41
42//   #define FAST_MODE // 50 times faster execution; consider to disconnect your real   CV/Pump!
43
44// In Normal operation to loop runs 10 times per second; so 10 counts/second   (600 represents ca 1 minute)
45#define VALVE_TIME             3000L    // 5 minutes   to open/close a valve (on the safe site; takes typically 3 to 5 minutes)
46#ifdef   FAST_MODE
47#define PUMP_MAINTENANCE_TIME  108000L // For evaluation, activates   Floor Unit pump maintenance run once per 4 minutes (time stamp 3 hours)
48#else
49#define   PUMP_MAINTENANCE_TIME  1300000L // Activates Floor Unit pump maintenance run once   per 36 hours. Needed to keep pump working
50#endif
51#define PUMP_ACTIVATION_TIME    5000L    // Activates the pump for ca 8 minutes (10 seconds in test mode)
52#define   COOLDOWN_TIME          18000L   // When heating is done, continue water circulation   for another 30 minutes (40 seconds in test mode)
53                                        //   This enables further dissipation the heat into the floor (typically takes 15 to   30 minutes)
54
55#include "./Devices.h" // valves, pumps, thermostat classes   (use the constants defines above)
56struct Zone {
57  String name;
58  Valve   valve;
59  Thermostat thermostat;
60};
61
62////////////////////////////////////////////////////
63//    CONFIGURATION BLOCK                             
64
65// Configure/reorder   your pinning as you like (This my wiring on an Arduino Uno); 
66// Note: pins 1   and 2 are still free to add an extra zone
67#define HEATER_PIN     4  // output   to a Relay that is wired with the Thermostat input of your heating system
68#define   FU_PUMP_PIN    5  // output to a Relay that switches the Floor Unit Pump
69#define   LIVING_VALVE   7  // Zone 1: output to a Relay that controls the Valve(s)
70#define   KITCHEN_VALVE  6  // Zone 2: output to a Relay that controls the Valve(s)
71#define   DINING_VALVE   3  // Zone 3: output to a Relay that controls the Valve(s)
72
73#define   LIVING_THERMO  8  // Zone 1; input wired to the thermostat in the living
74#define   KITCHEN_THERMO 9  // Zone 2; input wired to the thermostat in the kitchen
75#define   DINING_THERMO  11 // Zone 3; input wired to the thermostat in the dining
76#define   NO_ZONE_THERMO 10 // Optionally: thermostats in rooms without floor heating
77
78#define   HEATING_LED    12 // On when heating, Alternates during cooldown, is Off in idle   mode
79#define INDICATION_LED 13 // Alternates the on board LED to indicate board   runs; can be easily removed to free an extra IO pin!!
80
81// Configure the Floor   Unit Zones/rooms. Each zone/room owns a name, valve and thermostat:
82#define NR_ZONES   3
83Zone Zones[NR_ZONES] = { {"Living Room",  Valve(LIVING_VALVE, "Living Valve"),   Thermostat(LIVING_THERMO, "Living Thermostat")},
84                         {"Kitchen   Area", Valve(KITCHEN_VALVE,"Kitchen Valve"), Thermostat(KITCHEN_THERMO,"Kitchen   Thermostat")},
85                         {"Dining Room",  Valve(DINING_VALVE,   "Dining Valve"),  Thermostat(DINING_THERMO, "Dining Thermostat")}};
86
87//   END CONFIGURATION BLOCK                                           
88//////////////////////////////////////////////////
89
90
91//   Some fixed devices:
92LED           iLED(INDICATION_LED, "Indicator LED"); //   can be removed if you run out of IO's
93LED           hLED(HEATING_LED, "Heating   LED");
94Manipulator   CV(HEATER_PIN, "CV Heater");
95Pump          FUPump(FU_PUMP_PIN,   "Floor Unit Pump");
96Thermostat    ZonelessThermo(NO_ZONE_THERMO, "Zoneless   Thermostat"); // For the rest of the house, no related to the floor unit zone
97
98void   printConfiguration() {
99   Serial.println("------ Board Configuration: ---------");
100    iLED.Print();
101   hLED.Print();
102   CV.Print();
103   FUPump.Print();
104    ZonelessThermo.Print();
105   for(int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
106      Serial.print("Zone[");   Serial.print(i+1); 
107      Serial.print("]: "); Serial.println(Zones[i].name);
108       Serial.print(" - "); Zones[i].valve.Print();
109      Serial.print(" -   "); Zones[i].thermostat.Print();
110   }
111   Serial.println("-------------------------------------");
112}
113
114//   state machine, with both transition and state handling actions
115class State
116{
117   public:
118  enum states {
119    idle,
120    on,
121    cooldown
122  };
123
124   private:
125  //vars
126  states _State;
127  unsigned long cooldownCount;
128
129   public: 
130  //constructor
131  StateMAchine()   {
132    _State = idle;
133   }
134  
135  // Getter
136  states const& operator()() const {
137      return   _State;    
138  }
139
140  // Setter
141  void operator()(states const& newState)   {
142      printTimeStamp();
143      Serial.print(": State change from [");
144       Print();
145      _State = newState;
146      Serial.print("] to [");
147       Print();
148      Serial.println("]");
149      // deal with transition   actions to the new state
150      switch(_State)
151      {
152       case idle:
153           hLED.Off();
154          CV.Off();  // stop heating
155          FUPump.Off();   
156          allValvesOff();
157          break;
158       case on:
159          hLED.On();
160           CV.On(); // start heating, but Floor unit pump has to wait till at least   one zone is open
161          break;
162       case cooldown:
163          CV.Off();   // stop heating
164          allValvesOn(); // open all zones for cooldown; pump   has to wait for this
165          break;  
166       default: 
167         Serial.println("WARNING   Unhandled State transition");
168         break;
169      }
170  }
171
172  //   Do the state handling; to be called repatively by the loop()  
173  void doProcessingActions()   {
174    switch(_State) {
175       case on:
176        onProcessing(); // As long   heating is requested open/close zones matching the heating requests
177        break;     
178      case cooldown:
179        coolDownProcessing(); // take 30 minutes   to dissipate remaing Heat into the floor
180        break;
181      case idle:
182         idleProcessing(); // operate pumps/valves once per day
183        break;
184       default: 
185        Serial.println("ERROR Unhandled State");
186        break;
187     }
188  }
189
190  void setCoolDownNeeded() {
191    cooldownCount = COOLDOWN_TIME;
192   }
193  bool whileCoolDownNeeded() { // down counts the time
194     if (cooldownCount   > 0) {
195        cooldownCount--;
196     }
197     return checkCoolDownNeeded();
198   }
199  bool checkCoolDownNeeded() {
200     return (cooldownCount> 0);
201  }
202   
203  void Print()   {
204    switch(_State)
205    {
206     case idle:
207        Serial.print("idle");
208         break;
209     case on:
210        Serial.print("on");
211        break;
212      case cooldown:
213         Serial.print("cooldown");
214        break;  
215     }
216  }
217};
218
219// The global state machine
220State    CVState;
221
222
223void   setup() 
224{
225  // initializations
226  Serial.begin(115200);
227  printTimeStamp();
228   Serial.print(": ");
229#ifdef FAST_MODE
230  Serial.println("CV Zone Controller   started in TestMode!\
231"
232                 " - Board time runs ca 50 times faster\
233"
234                  " - Pump maintenance cycle runs ever 3 hours instead once per   36 hours");
235#else
236  Serial.println("CV Zone Controller started. Time stamps   (dd:hh:mm:ss)");
237#endif
238  Serial.println(" - Time stamps format (dd:hh:mm:ss)");
239   printConfiguration();
240  wdt_enable(WDTO_1S);  // Watchdog: reset board after   one second, if no "pat the dog" received
241}
242
243void loop() 
244{
245
246#ifdef   FAST_MODE
247  delay(2); // 50 times faster so minutes become roughly seconds for   debugging purpose; so every count for cooldown or idle is 0.002 second
248#else
249   delay(100); // Normal operation: loops approx 10 times per second; so every count   for cooldown or idle is 0.1 second
250#endif
251
252  // Use Indication LED to show   board is alive
253  iLED.Alternate();
254
255  // once per loop() the pump and valves   need to opdate hteir administatrion
256  FUPump.Update();
257  for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES;   i++) {
258    // Update valve administration for transition times to open/close
259     Zones[i].valve.Update();
260  }
261  
262  // Reset the WatchDog timer (pat   the dog)
263  wdt_reset();  
264
265  // Do the state handling
266  CVState.doProcessingActions();
267}
268
269////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
270//   Processing Methods for each CV State
271/////////////////////////////////////////
272
273void   onProcessing() {
274  if (ProcessThermostats())  { // returns true if at least   one of the thermostats is on (switch closed) => stay in this state
275    if (FloorPumpingAllowed())    {
276       FUPump.On();
277    }
278    else {
279       FUPump.Off(); 
280     }
281  }
282  else if ( CVState.checkCoolDownNeeded() ) {  // Continue in cooldown   state to keep pump running for a while
283      CVState(State::cooldown); 
284  }
285   else  {  // skip cooldown for floor unit, go back to idle
286      CVState(State::idle);   
287  }
288}
289
290
291void coolDownProcessing() {
292  hLED.Alternate();
293  if   (HeatingRequested()) {   // returns true when one of the thermostats is closed
294     CVState(State::on);
295  }
296  else  {
297    if ( CVState.whileCoolDownNeeded()   ) {
298      if (FloorPumpingAllowed()) {
299         FUPump.On();
300      } else   {
301         FUPump.Off();  
302      }        
303    }
304    else {
305      CVState(State::idle);
306     }
307  }
308}
309
310void idleProcessing() 
311{
312  if (HeatingRequested())   {    // returns true when one of the thermostats is closed
313    CVState(State::on);
314   }
315  else
316  {
317    // During idle period this check will activate the Floor   Unit Pump for 8 minutes per 36 hours to keep them operatable
318    if ( FUPump.doMaintenanceRun())   {
319      if (FUPump.IsOff()) {
320        if ( allValvesOpen() == false ) { //   start opening just once
321          printTimeStamp(); Serial.println(": Start   daily cycle for Floor Unit Pump; open valves: ");
322          allValvesOn();
323         }
324        if (FloorPumpingAllowed()) { 
325          // this takes ca   5 minutes after activating the valves (6 seconds in test mode)
326          printTimeStamp();   Serial.println(": Start daily cycle for Floor Unit Pump; start pump ");
327          FUPump.On();   
328        }
329        
330      }
331    } 
332    else if (FUPump.IsOn()) {   // no Maintenance needed. So stop pump if still running
333        printTimeStamp();   Serial.println(": Stop daily cycle for Floor Unit Pump; stop pump and close valves");
334         FUPump.Off();
335        allValvesOff();
336    }
337  }
338}
339
340////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
341//   Helper Methods used by the State handlers
342/////////////////////////////////////////
343
344void   allValvesOff() {
345  for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
346    Zones[i].valve.Off();
347   }    
348}
349
350void allValvesOn() {
351  for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
352     Zones[i].valve.On();
353  }    
354}
355
356bool allValvesOpen() {
357  for   (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
358    if ( Zones[i].valve.IsOff() ) {
359       return   false;
360    }
361  }
362  return true;
363}
364
365
366bool FloorPumpingAllowed()   
367{
368  // returns true if at least one zone is open, taking Valve transition   into account
369  for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
370    if (Zones[i].valve.ValveIsOpen()   ) {
371      return true;
372    }
373  }
374  return false; // all valves are closed
375}
376
377bool   ProcessThermostats() // returns true when one of the thermostats is closed
378{                          // (De-)Activates Floor zones
379   bool heating=false;
380    bool requested[NR_ZONES]; 
381    
382   if ( ZonelessThermo.IsOn() ) {
383     heating   = true;
384   }
385   for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
386     // record heating   requests only once to avoid race conditions due changes in between
387     requested[i]   = Zones[i].thermostat.IsOn();
388     if ( requested[i] ) {
389       heating =   true;
390       CVState.setCoolDownNeeded(); // remember if there was a request   for heating a floor unit zone
391     }
392   }
393   for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES;   i++) {
394     if ( requested[i] ) {
395       // Selectively open valves for zones   that request heating 
396       Zones[i].valve.On();
397     }
398     else if (heating)   {
399       // Selectively close valves for zones that don't require heating anymore
400        // Only close them if heating is still required because in cooldown all zones   need to be open
401       Zones[i].valve.Off();
402     }
403   }
404   return heating;
405}
406
407bool   HeatingRequested()
408{
409  if ( ZonelessThermo.IsOn() ) {
410    return true;
411   }
412  for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
413    if (Zones[i].thermostat.IsOn()   ) {
414      return true;
415    }
416  }
417  return false; // all Thermostats   are open (no heating needed)
418}
419
420void printTimeStamp() {
421  #ifdef FAST_MODE
422     // 50 times faster; represent the time it would be in normal mode
423     unsigned   long seconds = millis()/(unsigned long)20;
424  #else
425    // Normal operation
426      unsigned long seconds = millis()/(unsigned long)1000;
427  #endif
428    unsigned   long minutes, hours, days;
429    minutes = seconds / 60L;
430    seconds %= 60L;   
431    hours = minutes / 60L;
432    minutes %= 60L;
433    days = hours / 24L;
434     hours %= 24L;
435    char time[30]; 
436    sprintf(time, "%02d:%02d:%02d:%02d",   (int)days, (int)hours, (int)minutes, (int)seconds);
437    Serial.print(time);
438}
439
440
441

/* 
 *  Floor Unit heating controller for multiple Rooms/Zones v1.0
   * 
 *  Copyright: the GNU General Public License version 3 (GPL-3.0) by Eric   Kreuwels, 2017
 *  Credits: Peter Kreuwels for defining all use-cases that needed   to be considered
 *   
 *  Although this setup already runs for over a full   year for my ground floor, I'm not Liable for any error in the code
 *  It can   be used as a good basis for your own needs, and should be tested before using
   *   
 *  Highlights/Features:
 *   - You only need to configure the pinning   and number of zones 
 *     - A simple Arduino Uno can control up to 5 Floor   Unit zones
 *     - With an Arduino Mega the number of Zones is nearly unlimmited
   *   - The provided Program controls: 
 *       - the Floor unit pump
 *       -   Aggregates all your zones as just one thermostat to the CV heater
 *       -   Valves to open/close zones
 *   - Allows individual Heating per Zone; 
 *      - Per zone a Thermostat to sense the request for heating
 *     - Per zone   a Relay to control one or more valves to open/close the Floor unit groups of that   zone
 *     - A room with multiple floor unit groups can be considered as one   heating Zone (Wire the valves parallel to the Zone Relay)
 *     - This is not   only more convenient, but saves energy as well as rooms don't become too warm anymore
   *   - Controls the Floor Unit Pump
 *     - It basically only runs the pump when   needed for heating. This already saves you 100-200 Euro electricity per year, 
   *       compared to run the same pump 24/7 (80 Watt is 2kW Hour a day = 0.50 Euro   per day)
 *     - Activates the floor unit pump at least once every 36 hours,   for 8 minutes if there wasn't any heating request (Summer)
 *     - Prevents   to Run the pump without opening the valves first; Taking into account these valves   need 3-5 minutes
 *   - Optionally you can control the remainder of your house   (rooms without floor heating) as well
 *     - Here you typically will have thermostat   knobs on your radiators; so only the rooms that are cold will heat up
 *     -   Just add a thermostat in the room(s) you want to control. Wire these thermostats   in parallel to the No_Zone input
 *   - Final notes:
 *     - Not all zones   need to be controlled; only the zones that become either to warm or stay too cold   with 
 *       manual adjusted knobs on the floor unit
 */

#include   <avr/wdt.h> // for Watchdog

// WARNING: FAST_MODE is for testing/evaluation/debug   purposes (loop runs 50x faster)
// Be carefull using FAST_MODE with a real floor   unit pump as it can get damaged with closed valves
// Valves need minimal 3 minutes   to open. In FAST_MODE the program doesn't wait long enough before starting the pump

//   #define FAST_MODE // 50 times faster execution; consider to disconnect your real   CV/Pump!

// In Normal operation to loop runs 10 times per second; so 10 counts/second   (600 represents ca 1 minute)
#define VALVE_TIME             3000L    // 5 minutes   to open/close a valve (on the safe site; takes typically 3 to 5 minutes)
#ifdef   FAST_MODE
#define PUMP_MAINTENANCE_TIME  108000L // For evaluation, activates   Floor Unit pump maintenance run once per 4 minutes (time stamp 3 hours)
#else
#define   PUMP_MAINTENANCE_TIME  1300000L // Activates Floor Unit pump maintenance run once   per 36 hours. Needed to keep pump working
#endif
#define PUMP_ACTIVATION_TIME    5000L    // Activates the pump for ca 8 minutes (10 seconds in test mode)
#define   COOLDOWN_TIME          18000L   // When heating is done, continue water circulation   for another 30 minutes (40 seconds in test mode)
                                        //   This enables further dissipation the heat into the floor (typically takes 15 to   30 minutes)

#include "./Devices.h" // valves, pumps, thermostat classes   (use the constants defines above)
struct Zone {
  String name;
  Valve   valve;
  Thermostat thermostat;
};

////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//    CONFIGURATION BLOCK                             

// Configure/reorder   your pinning as you like (This my wiring on an Arduino Uno); 
// Note: pins 1   and 2 are still free to add an extra zone
#define HEATER_PIN     4  // output   to a Relay that is wired with the Thermostat input of your heating system
#define   FU_PUMP_PIN    5  // output to a Relay that switches the Floor Unit Pump
#define   LIVING_VALVE   7  // Zone 1: output to a Relay that controls the Valve(s)
#define   KITCHEN_VALVE  6  // Zone 2: output to a Relay that controls the Valve(s)
#define   DINING_VALVE   3  // Zone 3: output to a Relay that controls the Valve(s)

#define   LIVING_THERMO  8  // Zone 1; input wired to the thermostat in the living
#define   KITCHEN_THERMO 9  // Zone 2; input wired to the thermostat in the kitchen
#define   DINING_THERMO  11 // Zone 3; input wired to the thermostat in the dining
#define   NO_ZONE_THERMO 10 // Optionally: thermostats in rooms without floor heating

#define   HEATING_LED    12 // On when heating, Alternates during cooldown, is Off in idle   mode
#define INDICATION_LED 13 // Alternates the on board LED to indicate board   runs; can be easily removed to free an extra IO pin!!

// Configure the Floor   Unit Zones/rooms. Each zone/room owns a name, valve and thermostat:
#define NR_ZONES   3
Zone Zones[NR_ZONES] = { {"Living Room",  Valve(LIVING_VALVE, "Living Valve"),   Thermostat(LIVING_THERMO, "Living Thermostat")},
                         {"Kitchen   Area", Valve(KITCHEN_VALVE,"Kitchen Valve"), Thermostat(KITCHEN_THERMO,"Kitchen   Thermostat")},
                         {"Dining Room",  Valve(DINING_VALVE,   "Dining Valve"),  Thermostat(DINING_THERMO, "Dining Thermostat")}};

//   END CONFIGURATION BLOCK                                           
//////////////////////////////////////////////////


//   Some fixed devices:
LED           iLED(INDICATION_LED, "Indicator LED"); //   can be removed if you run out of IO's
LED           hLED(HEATING_LED, "Heating   LED");
Manipulator   CV(HEATER_PIN, "CV Heater");
Pump          FUPump(FU_PUMP_PIN,   "Floor Unit Pump");
Thermostat    ZonelessThermo(NO_ZONE_THERMO, "Zoneless   Thermostat"); // For the rest of the house, no related to the floor unit zone

void   printConfiguration() {
   Serial.println("------ Board Configuration: ---------");
    iLED.Print();
   hLED.Print();
   CV.Print();
   FUPump.Print();
    ZonelessThermo.Print();
   for(int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
      Serial.print("Zone[");   Serial.print(i+1); 
      Serial.print("]: "); Serial.println(Zones[i].name);
       Serial.print(" - "); Zones[i].valve.Print();
      Serial.print(" -   "); Zones[i].thermostat.Print();
   }
   Serial.println("-------------------------------------");
}

//   state machine, with both transition and state handling actions
class State
{
   public:
  enum states {
    idle,
    on,
    cooldown
  };

   private:
  //vars
  states _State;
  unsigned long cooldownCount;

   public: 
  //constructor
  StateMAchine()   {
    _State = idle;
   }
  
  // Getter
  states const& operator()() const {
      return   _State;    
  }

  // Setter
  void operator()(states const& newState)   {
      printTimeStamp();
      Serial.print(": State change from [");
       Print();
      _State = newState;
      Serial.print("] to [");
       Print();
      Serial.println("]");
      // deal with transition   actions to the new state
      switch(_State)
      {
       case idle:
           hLED.Off();
          CV.Off();  // stop heating
          FUPump.Off();   
          allValvesOff();
          break;
       case on:
          hLED.On();
           CV.On(); // start heating, but Floor unit pump has to wait till at least   one zone is open
          break;
       case cooldown:
          CV.Off();   // stop heating
          allValvesOn(); // open all zones for cooldown; pump   has to wait for this
          break;  
       default: 
         Serial.println("WARNING   Unhandled State transition");
         break;
      }
  }

  //   Do the state handling; to be called repatively by the loop()  
  void doProcessingActions()   {
    switch(_State) {
       case on:
        onProcessing(); // As long   heating is requested open/close zones matching the heating requests
        break;     
      case cooldown:
        coolDownProcessing(); // take 30 minutes   to dissipate remaing Heat into the floor
        break;
      case idle:
         idleProcessing(); // operate pumps/valves once per day
        break;
       default: 
        Serial.println("ERROR Unhandled State");
        break;
     }
  }

  void setCoolDownNeeded() {
    cooldownCount = COOLDOWN_TIME;
   }
  bool whileCoolDownNeeded() { // down counts the time
     if (cooldownCount   > 0) {
        cooldownCount--;
     }
     return checkCoolDownNeeded();
   }
  bool checkCoolDownNeeded() {
     return (cooldownCount> 0);
  }
   
  void Print()   {
    switch(_State)
    {
     case idle:
        Serial.print("idle");
         break;
     case on:
        Serial.print("on");
        break;
      case cooldown:
         Serial.print("cooldown");
        break;  
     }
  }
};

// The global state machine
State    CVState;


void   setup() 
{
  // initializations
  Serial.begin(115200);
  printTimeStamp();
   Serial.print(": ");
#ifdef FAST_MODE
  Serial.println("CV Zone Controller   started in TestMode!\
"
                 " - Board time runs ca 50 times faster\
"
                  " - Pump maintenance cycle runs ever 3 hours instead once per   36 hours");
#else
  Serial.println("CV Zone Controller started. Time stamps   (dd:hh:mm:ss)");
#endif
  Serial.println(" - Time stamps format (dd:hh:mm:ss)");
   printConfiguration();
  wdt_enable(WDTO_1S);  // Watchdog: reset board after   one second, if no "pat the dog" received
}

void loop() 
{

#ifdef   FAST_MODE
  delay(2); // 50 times faster so minutes become roughly seconds for   debugging purpose; so every count for cooldown or idle is 0.002 second
#else
   delay(100); // Normal operation: loops approx 10 times per second; so every count   for cooldown or idle is 0.1 second
#endif

  // Use Indication LED to show   board is alive
  iLED.Alternate();

  // once per loop() the pump and valves   need to opdate hteir administatrion
  FUPump.Update();
  for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES;   i++) {
    // Update valve administration for transition times to open/close
     Zones[i].valve.Update();
  }
  
  // Reset the WatchDog timer (pat   the dog)
  wdt_reset();  

  // Do the state handling
  CVState.doProcessingActions();
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//   Processing Methods for each CV State
/////////////////////////////////////////

void   onProcessing() {
  if (ProcessThermostats())  { // returns true if at least   one of the thermostats is on (switch closed) => stay in this state
    if (FloorPumpingAllowed())    {
       FUPump.On();
    }
    else {
       FUPump.Off(); 
     }
  }
  else if ( CVState.checkCoolDownNeeded() ) {  // Continue in cooldown   state to keep pump running for a while
      CVState(State::cooldown); 
  }
   else  {  // skip cooldown for floor unit, go back to idle
      CVState(State::idle);   
  }
}


void coolDownProcessing() {
  hLED.Alternate();
  if   (HeatingRequested()) {   // returns true when one of the thermostats is closed
     CVState(State::on);
  }
  else  {
    if ( CVState.whileCoolDownNeeded()   ) {
      if (FloorPumpingAllowed()) {
         FUPump.On();
      } else   {
         FUPump.Off();  
      }        
    }
    else {
      CVState(State::idle);
     }
  }
}

void idleProcessing() 
{
  if (HeatingRequested())   {    // returns true when one of the thermostats is closed
    CVState(State::on);
   }
  else
  {
    // During idle period this check will activate the Floor   Unit Pump for 8 minutes per 36 hours to keep them operatable
    if ( FUPump.doMaintenanceRun())   {
      if (FUPump.IsOff()) {
        if ( allValvesOpen() == false ) { //   start opening just once
          printTimeStamp(); Serial.println(": Start   daily cycle for Floor Unit Pump; open valves: ");
          allValvesOn();
         }
        if (FloorPumpingAllowed()) { 
          // this takes ca   5 minutes after activating the valves (6 seconds in test mode)
          printTimeStamp();   Serial.println(": Start daily cycle for Floor Unit Pump; start pump ");
          FUPump.On();   
        }
        
      }
    } 
    else if (FUPump.IsOn()) {   // no Maintenance needed. So stop pump if still running
        printTimeStamp();   Serial.println(": Stop daily cycle for Floor Unit Pump; stop pump and close valves");
         FUPump.Off();
        allValvesOff();
    }
  }
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//   Helper Methods used by the State handlers
/////////////////////////////////////////

void   allValvesOff() {
  for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
    Zones[i].valve.Off();
   }    
}

void allValvesOn() {
  for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
     Zones[i].valve.On();
  }    
}

bool allValvesOpen() {
  for   (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
    if ( Zones[i].valve.IsOff() ) {
       return   false;
    }
  }
  return true;
}


bool FloorPumpingAllowed()   
{
  // returns true if at least one zone is open, taking Valve transition   into account
  for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
    if (Zones[i].valve.ValveIsOpen()   ) {
      return true;
    }
  }
  return false; // all valves are closed
}

bool   ProcessThermostats() // returns true when one of the thermostats is closed
{                          // (De-)Activates Floor zones
   bool heating=false;
    bool requested[NR_ZONES]; 
    
   if ( ZonelessThermo.IsOn() ) {
     heating   = true;
   }
   for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
     // record heating   requests only once to avoid race conditions due changes in between
     requested[i]   = Zones[i].thermostat.IsOn();
     if ( requested[i] ) {
       heating =   true;
       CVState.setCoolDownNeeded(); // remember if there was a request   for heating a floor unit zone
     }
   }
   for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES;   i++) {
     if ( requested[i] ) {
       // Selectively open valves for zones   that request heating 
       Zones[i].valve.On();
     }
     else if (heating)   {
       // Selectively close valves for zones that don't require heating anymore
        // Only close them if heating is still required because in cooldown all zones   need to be open
       Zones[i].valve.Off();
     }
   }
   return heating;
}

bool   HeatingRequested()
{
  if ( ZonelessThermo.IsOn() ) {
    return true;
   }
  for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
    if (Zones[i].thermostat.IsOn()   ) {
      return true;
    }
  }
  return false; // all Thermostats   are open (no heating needed)
}

void printTimeStamp() {
  #ifdef FAST_MODE
     // 50 times faster; represent the time it would be in normal mode
     unsigned   long seconds = millis()/(unsigned long)20;
  #else
    // Normal operation
      unsigned long seconds = millis()/(unsigned long)1000;
  #endif
    unsigned   long minutes, hours, days;
    minutes = seconds / 60L;
    seconds %= 60L;   
    hours = minutes / 60L;
    minutes %= 60L;
    days = hours / 24L;
     hours %= 24L;
    char time[30]; 
    sprintf(time, "%02d:%02d:%02d:%02d",   (int)days, (int)hours, (int)minutes, (int)seconds);
    Serial.print(time);
}

ProjectCV.ino

c_cpp

1/* 
2 *  Floor Unit heating controller for multiple Rooms/Zones v1.0
3  * 
4 *  Copyright: the GNU General Public License version 3 (GPL-3.0) by Eric  Kreuwels, 2017
5 *  Credits: Peter Kreuwels for defining all use-cases that needed  to be considered
6 *   
7 *  Although this setup already runs for over a full  year for my ground floor, I'm not Liable for any error in the code
8 *  It can  be used as a good basis for your own needs, and should be tested before using
9  *   
10 *  Highlights/Features:
11 *   - You only need to configure the pinning  and number of zones 
12 *     - A simple Arduino Uno can control up to 5 Floor  Unit zones
13 *     - With an Arduino Mega the number of Zones is nearly unlimmited
14  *   - The provided Program controls: 
15 *       - the Floor unit pump
16 *       -  Aggregates all your zones as just one thermostat to the CV heater
17 *       -  Valves to open/close zones
18 *   - Allows individual Heating per Zone; 
19 *     - Per zone a Thermostat to sense the request for heating
20 *     - Per zone  a Relay to control one or more valves to open/close the Floor unit groups of that  zone
21 *     - A room with multiple floor unit groups can be considered as one  heating Zone (Wire the valves parallel to the Zone Relay)
22 *     - This is not  only more convenient, but saves energy as well as rooms don't become too warm anymore
23  *   - Controls the Floor Unit Pump
24 *     - It basically only runs the pump when  needed for heating. This already saves you 100-200 Euro electricity per year, 
25  *       compared to run the same pump 24/7 (80 Watt is 2kW Hour a day = 0.50 Euro  per day)
26 *     - Activates the floor unit pump at least once every 36 hours,  for 8 minutes if there wasn't any heating request (Summer)
27 *     - Prevents  to Run the pump without opening the valves first; Taking into account these valves  need 3-5 minutes
28 *   - Optionally you can control the remainder of your house  (rooms without floor heating) as well
29 *     - Here you typically will have thermostat  knobs on your radiators; so only the rooms that are cold will heat up
30 *     -  Just add a thermostat in the room(s) you want to control. Wire these thermostats  in parallel to the No_Zone input
31 *   - Final notes:
32 *     - Not all zones  need to be controlled; only the zones that become either to warm or stay too cold  with 
33 *       manual adjusted knobs on the floor unit
34 */
35
36#include  <avr/wdt.h> // for Watchdog
37
38// WARNING: FAST_MODE is for testing/evaluation/debug  purposes (loop runs 50x faster)
39// Be carefull using FAST_MODE with a real floor  unit pump as it can get damaged with closed valves
40// Valves need minimal 3 minutes  to open. In FAST_MODE the program doesn't wait long enough before starting the pump
41
42//  #define FAST_MODE // 50 times faster execution; consider to disconnect your real  CV/Pump!
43
44// In Normal operation to loop runs 10 times per second; so 10 counts/second  (600 represents ca 1 minute)
45#define VALVE_TIME             3000L    // 5 minutes  to open/close a valve (on the safe site; takes typically 3 to 5 minutes)
46#ifdef  FAST_MODE
47#define PUMP_MAINTENANCE_TIME  108000L // For evaluation, activates  Floor Unit pump maintenance run once per 4 minutes (time stamp 3 hours)
48#else
49#define  PUMP_MAINTENANCE_TIME  1300000L // Activates Floor Unit pump maintenance run once  per 36 hours. Needed to keep pump working
50#endif
51#define PUMP_ACTIVATION_TIME   5000L    // Activates the pump for ca 8 minutes (10 seconds in test mode)
52#define  COOLDOWN_TIME          18000L   // When heating is done, continue water circulation  for another 30 minutes (40 seconds in test mode)
53                                        //  This enables further dissipation the heat into the floor (typically takes 15 to  30 minutes)
54
55#include "./Devices.h" // valves, pumps, thermostat classes  (use the constants defines above)
56struct Zone {
57  String name;
58  Valve  valve;
59  Thermostat thermostat;
60};
61
62////////////////////////////////////////////////////
63//   CONFIGURATION BLOCK                             
64
65// Configure/reorder  your pinning as you like (This my wiring on an Arduino Uno); 
66// Note: pins 1  and 2 are still free to add an extra zone
67#define HEATER_PIN     4  // output  to a Relay that is wired with the Thermostat input of your heating system
68#define  FU_PUMP_PIN    5  // output to a Relay that switches the Floor Unit Pump
69#define  LIVING_VALVE   7  // Zone 1: output to a Relay that controls the Valve(s)
70#define  KITCHEN_VALVE  6  // Zone 2: output to a Relay that controls the Valve(s)
71#define  DINING_VALVE   3  // Zone 3: output to a Relay that controls the Valve(s)
72
73#define  LIVING_THERMO  8  // Zone 1; input wired to the thermostat in the living
74#define  KITCHEN_THERMO 9  // Zone 2; input wired to the thermostat in the kitchen
75#define  DINING_THERMO  11 // Zone 3; input wired to the thermostat in the dining
76#define  NO_ZONE_THERMO 10 // Optionally: thermostats in rooms without floor heating
77
78#define  HEATING_LED    12 // On when heating, Alternates during cooldown, is Off in idle  mode
79#define INDICATION_LED 13 // Alternates the on board LED to indicate board  runs; can be easily removed to free an extra IO pin!!
80
81// Configure the Floor  Unit Zones/rooms. Each zone/room owns a name, valve and thermostat:
82#define NR_ZONES  3
83Zone Zones[NR_ZONES] = { {"Living Room",  Valve(LIVING_VALVE, "Living Valve"),  Thermostat(LIVING_THERMO, "Living Thermostat")},
84                         {"Kitchen  Area", Valve(KITCHEN_VALVE,"Kitchen Valve"), Thermostat(KITCHEN_THERMO,"Kitchen  Thermostat")},
85                         {"Dining Room",  Valve(DINING_VALVE,  "Dining Valve"),  Thermostat(DINING_THERMO, "Dining Thermostat")}};
86
87//  END CONFIGURATION BLOCK                                           
88//////////////////////////////////////////////////
89
90
91//  Some fixed devices:
92LED           iLED(INDICATION_LED, "Indicator LED"); //  can be removed if you run out of IO's
93LED           hLED(HEATING_LED, "Heating  LED");
94Manipulator   CV(HEATER_PIN, "CV Heater");
95Pump          FUPump(FU_PUMP_PIN,  "Floor Unit Pump");
96Thermostat    ZonelessThermo(NO_ZONE_THERMO, "Zoneless  Thermostat"); // For the rest of the house, no related to the floor unit zone
97
98void  printConfiguration() {
99   Serial.println("------ Board Configuration: ---------");
100   iLED.Print();
101   hLED.Print();
102   CV.Print();
103   FUPump.Print();
104   ZonelessThermo.Print();
105   for(int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
106      Serial.print("Zone[");  Serial.print(i+1); 
107      Serial.print("]: "); Serial.println(Zones[i].name);
108      Serial.print(" - "); Zones[i].valve.Print();
109      Serial.print(" -  "); Zones[i].thermostat.Print();
110   }
111   Serial.println("-------------------------------------");
112}
113
114//  state machine, with both transition and state handling actions
115class State
116{
117  public:
118  enum states {
119    idle,
120    on,
121    cooldown
122  };
123
124  private:
125  //vars
126  states _State;
127  unsigned long cooldownCount;
128
129  public: 
130  //constructor
131  StateMAchine()   {
132    _State = idle;
133  }
134  
135  // Getter
136  states const& operator()() const {
137      return  _State;    
138  }
139
140  // Setter
141  void operator()(states const& newState)  {
142      printTimeStamp();
143      Serial.print(": State change from [");
144      Print();
145      _State = newState;
146      Serial.print("] to [");
147      Print();
148      Serial.println("]");
149      // deal with transition  actions to the new state
150      switch(_State)
151      {
152       case idle:
153          hLED.Off();
154          CV.Off();  // stop heating
155          FUPump.Off();  
156          allValvesOff();
157          break;
158       case on:
159          hLED.On();
160          CV.On(); // start heating, but Floor unit pump has to wait till at least  one zone is open
161          break;
162       case cooldown:
163          CV.Off();  // stop heating
164          allValvesOn(); // open all zones for cooldown; pump  has to wait for this
165          break;  
166       default: 
167         Serial.println("WARNING  Unhandled State transition");
168         break;
169      }
170  }
171
172  //  Do the state handling; to be called repatively by the loop()  
173  void doProcessingActions()  {
174    switch(_State) {
175       case on:
176        onProcessing(); // As long  heating is requested open/close zones matching the heating requests
177        break;    
178      case cooldown:
179        coolDownProcessing(); // take 30 minutes  to dissipate remaing Heat into the floor
180        break;
181      case idle:
182        idleProcessing(); // operate pumps/valves once per day
183        break;
184      default: 
185        Serial.println("ERROR Unhandled State");
186        break;
187    }
188  }
189
190  void setCoolDownNeeded() {
191    cooldownCount = COOLDOWN_TIME;
192  }
193  bool whileCoolDownNeeded() { // down counts the time
194     if (cooldownCount  > 0) {
195        cooldownCount--;
196     }
197     return checkCoolDownNeeded();
198  }
199  bool checkCoolDownNeeded() {
200     return (cooldownCount> 0);
201  }
202  
203  void Print()   {
204    switch(_State)
205    {
206     case idle:
207        Serial.print("idle");
208        break;
209     case on:
210        Serial.print("on");
211        break;
212     case cooldown:
213         Serial.print("cooldown");
214        break;  
215    }
216  }
217};
218
219// The global state machine
220State    CVState;
221
222
223void  setup() 
224{
225  // initializations
226  Serial.begin(115200);
227  printTimeStamp();
228  Serial.print(": ");
229#ifdef FAST_MODE
230  Serial.println("CV Zone Controller  started in TestMode!\
231"
232                 " - Board time runs ca 50 times faster\
233"
234                 " - Pump maintenance cycle runs ever 3 hours instead once per  36 hours");
235#else
236  Serial.println("CV Zone Controller started. Time stamps  (dd:hh:mm:ss)");
237#endif
238  Serial.println(" - Time stamps format (dd:hh:mm:ss)");
239  printConfiguration();
240  wdt_enable(WDTO_1S);  // Watchdog: reset board after  one second, if no "pat the dog" received
241}
242
243void loop() 
244{
245
246#ifdef  FAST_MODE
247  delay(2); // 50 times faster so minutes become roughly seconds for  debugging purpose; so every count for cooldown or idle is 0.002 second
248#else
249  delay(100); // Normal operation: loops approx 10 times per second; so every count  for cooldown or idle is 0.1 second
250#endif
251
252  // Use Indication LED to show  board is alive
253  iLED.Alternate();
254
255  // once per loop() the pump and valves  need to opdate hteir administatrion
256  FUPump.Update();
257  for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES;  i++) {
258    // Update valve administration for transition times to open/close
259    Zones[i].valve.Update();
260  }
261  
262  // Reset the WatchDog timer (pat  the dog)
263  wdt_reset();  
264
265  // Do the state handling
266  CVState.doProcessingActions();
267}
268
269////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
270//  Processing Methods for each CV State
271/////////////////////////////////////////
272
273void  onProcessing() {
274  if (ProcessThermostats())  { // returns true if at least  one of the thermostats is on (switch closed) => stay in this state
275    if (FloorPumpingAllowed())   {
276       FUPump.On();
277    }
278    else {
279       FUPump.Off(); 
280    }
281  }
282  else if ( CVState.checkCoolDownNeeded() ) {  // Continue in cooldown  state to keep pump running for a while
283      CVState(State::cooldown); 
284  }
285  else  {  // skip cooldown for floor unit, go back to idle
286      CVState(State::idle);  
287  }
288}
289
290
291void coolDownProcessing() {
292  hLED.Alternate();
293  if  (HeatingRequested()) {   // returns true when one of the thermostats is closed
294    CVState(State::on);
295  }
296  else  {
297    if ( CVState.whileCoolDownNeeded()  ) {
298      if (FloorPumpingAllowed()) {
299         FUPump.On();
300      } else  {
301         FUPump.Off();  
302      }        
303    }
304    else {
305      CVState(State::idle);
306    }
307  }
308}
309
310void idleProcessing() 
311{
312  if (HeatingRequested())  {    // returns true when one of the thermostats is closed
313    CVState(State::on);
314  }
315  else
316  {
317    // During idle period this check will activate the Floor  Unit Pump for 8 minutes per 36 hours to keep them operatable
318    if ( FUPump.doMaintenanceRun())  {
319      if (FUPump.IsOff()) {
320        if ( allValvesOpen() == false ) { //  start opening just once
321          printTimeStamp(); Serial.println(": Start  daily cycle for Floor Unit Pump; open valves: ");
322          allValvesOn();
323        }
324        if (FloorPumpingAllowed()) { 
325          // this takes ca  5 minutes after activating the valves (6 seconds in test mode)
326          printTimeStamp();  Serial.println(": Start daily cycle for Floor Unit Pump; start pump ");
327          FUPump.On();  
328        }
329        
330      }
331    } 
332    else if (FUPump.IsOn()) {  // no Maintenance needed. So stop pump if still running
333        printTimeStamp();  Serial.println(": Stop daily cycle for Floor Unit Pump; stop pump and close valves");
334        FUPump.Off();
335        allValvesOff();
336    }
337  }
338}
339
340////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
341//  Helper Methods used by the State handlers
342/////////////////////////////////////////
343
344void  allValvesOff() {
345  for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
346    Zones[i].valve.Off();
347  }    
348}
349
350void allValvesOn() {
351  for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
352    Zones[i].valve.On();
353  }    
354}
355
356bool allValvesOpen() {
357  for  (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
358    if ( Zones[i].valve.IsOff() ) {
359       return  false;
360    }
361  }
362  return true;
363}
364
365
366bool FloorPumpingAllowed()  
367{
368  // returns true if at least one zone is open, taking Valve transition  into account
369  for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
370    if (Zones[i].valve.ValveIsOpen()  ) {
371      return true;
372    }
373  }
374  return false; // all valves are closed
375}
376
377bool  ProcessThermostats() // returns true when one of the thermostats is closed
378{                         // (De-)Activates Floor zones
379   bool heating=false;
380   bool requested[NR_ZONES]; 
381    
382   if ( ZonelessThermo.IsOn() ) {
383     heating  = true;
384   }
385   for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
386     // record heating  requests only once to avoid race conditions due changes in between
387     requested[i]  = Zones[i].thermostat.IsOn();
388     if ( requested[i] ) {
389       heating =  true;
390       CVState.setCoolDownNeeded(); // remember if there was a request  for heating a floor unit zone
391     }
392   }
393   for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES;  i++) {
394     if ( requested[i] ) {
395       // Selectively open valves for zones  that request heating 
396       Zones[i].valve.On();
397     }
398     else if (heating)  {
399       // Selectively close valves for zones that don't require heating anymore
400       // Only close them if heating is still required because in cooldown all zones  need to be open
401       Zones[i].valve.Off();
402     }
403   }
404   return heating;
405}
406
407bool  HeatingRequested()
408{
409  if ( ZonelessThermo.IsOn() ) {
410    return true;
411  }
412  for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
413    if (Zones[i].thermostat.IsOn()  ) {
414      return true;
415    }
416  }
417  return false; // all Thermostats  are open (no heating needed)
418}
419
420void printTimeStamp() {
421  #ifdef FAST_MODE
422    // 50 times faster; represent the time it would be in normal mode
423     unsigned  long seconds = millis()/(unsigned long)20;
424  #else
425    // Normal operation
426     unsigned long seconds = millis()/(unsigned long)1000;
427  #endif
428    unsigned  long minutes, hours, days;
429    minutes = seconds / 60L;
430    seconds %= 60L;  
431    hours = minutes / 60L;
432    minutes %= 60L;
433    days = hours / 24L;
434    hours %= 24L;
435    char time[30]; 
436    sprintf(time, "%02d:%02d:%02d:%02d",  (int)days, (int)hours, (int)minutes, (int)seconds);
437    Serial.print(time);
438}
439
440
441

/* 
 *  Floor Unit heating controller for multiple Rooms/Zones v1.0
  * 
 *  Copyright: the GNU General Public License version 3 (GPL-3.0) by Eric  Kreuwels, 2017
 *  Credits: Peter Kreuwels for defining all use-cases that needed  to be considered
 *   
 *  Although this setup already runs for over a full  year for my ground floor, I'm not Liable for any error in the code
 *  It can  be used as a good basis for your own needs, and should be tested before using
  *   
 *  Highlights/Features:
 *   - You only need to configure the pinning  and number of zones 
 *     - A simple Arduino Uno can control up to 5 Floor  Unit zones
 *     - With an Arduino Mega the number of Zones is nearly unlimmited
  *   - The provided Program controls: 
 *       - the Floor unit pump
 *       -  Aggregates all your zones as just one thermostat to the CV heater
 *       -  Valves to open/close zones
 *   - Allows individual Heating per Zone; 
 *     - Per zone a Thermostat to sense the request for heating
 *     - Per zone  a Relay to control one or more valves to open/close the Floor unit groups of that  zone
 *     - A room with multiple floor unit groups can be considered as one  heating Zone (Wire the valves parallel to the Zone Relay)
 *     - This is not  only more convenient, but saves energy as well as rooms don't become too warm anymore
  *   - Controls the Floor Unit Pump
 *     - It basically only runs the pump when  needed for heating. This already saves you 100-200 Euro electricity per year, 
  *       compared to run the same pump 24/7 (80 Watt is 2kW Hour a day = 0.50 Euro  per day)
 *     - Activates the floor unit pump at least once every 36 hours,  for 8 minutes if there wasn't any heating request (Summer)
 *     - Prevents  to Run the pump without opening the valves first; Taking into account these valves  need 3-5 minutes
 *   - Optionally you can control the remainder of your house  (rooms without floor heating) as well
 *     - Here you typically will have thermostat  knobs on your radiators; so only the rooms that are cold will heat up
 *     -  Just add a thermostat in the room(s) you want to control. Wire these thermostats  in parallel to the No_Zone input
 *   - Final notes:
 *     - Not all zones  need to be controlled; only the zones that become either to warm or stay too cold  with 
 *       manual adjusted knobs on the floor unit
 */

#include  <avr/wdt.h> // for Watchdog

// WARNING: FAST_MODE is for testing/evaluation/debug  purposes (loop runs 50x faster)
// Be carefull using FAST_MODE with a real floor  unit pump as it can get damaged with closed valves
// Valves need minimal 3 minutes  to open. In FAST_MODE the program doesn't wait long enough before starting the pump

//  #define FAST_MODE // 50 times faster execution; consider to disconnect your real  CV/Pump!

// In Normal operation to loop runs 10 times per second; so 10 counts/second  (600 represents ca 1 minute)
#define VALVE_TIME             3000L    // 5 minutes  to open/close a valve (on the safe site; takes typically 3 to 5 minutes)
#ifdef  FAST_MODE
#define PUMP_MAINTENANCE_TIME  108000L // For evaluation, activates  Floor Unit pump maintenance run once per 4 minutes (time stamp 3 hours)
#else
#define  PUMP_MAINTENANCE_TIME  1300000L // Activates Floor Unit pump maintenance run once  per 36 hours. Needed to keep pump working
#endif
#define PUMP_ACTIVATION_TIME   5000L    // Activates the pump for ca 8 minutes (10 seconds in test mode)
#define  COOLDOWN_TIME          18000L   // When heating is done, continue water circulation  for another 30 minutes (40 seconds in test mode)
                                        //  This enables further dissipation the heat into the floor (typically takes 15 to  30 minutes)

#include "./Devices.h" // valves, pumps, thermostat classes  (use the constants defines above)
struct Zone {
  String name;
  Valve  valve;
  Thermostat thermostat;
};

////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//   CONFIGURATION BLOCK                             

// Configure/reorder  your pinning as you like (This my wiring on an Arduino Uno); 
// Note: pins 1  and 2 are still free to add an extra zone
#define HEATER_PIN     4  // output  to a Relay that is wired with the Thermostat input of your heating system
#define  FU_PUMP_PIN    5  // output to a Relay that switches the Floor Unit Pump
#define  LIVING_VALVE   7  // Zone 1: output to a Relay that controls the Valve(s)
#define  KITCHEN_VALVE  6  // Zone 2: output to a Relay that controls the Valve(s)
#define  DINING_VALVE   3  // Zone 3: output to a Relay that controls the Valve(s)

#define  LIVING_THERMO  8  // Zone 1; input wired to the thermostat in the living
#define  KITCHEN_THERMO 9  // Zone 2; input wired to the thermostat in the kitchen
#define  DINING_THERMO  11 // Zone 3; input wired to the thermostat in the dining
#define  NO_ZONE_THERMO 10 // Optionally: thermostats in rooms without floor heating

#define  HEATING_LED    12 // On when heating, Alternates during cooldown, is Off in idle  mode
#define INDICATION_LED 13 // Alternates the on board LED to indicate board  runs; can be easily removed to free an extra IO pin!!

// Configure the Floor  Unit Zones/rooms. Each zone/room owns a name, valve and thermostat:
#define NR_ZONES  3
Zone Zones[NR_ZONES] = { {"Living Room",  Valve(LIVING_VALVE, "Living Valve"),  Thermostat(LIVING_THERMO, "Living Thermostat")},
                         {"Kitchen  Area", Valve(KITCHEN_VALVE,"Kitchen Valve"), Thermostat(KITCHEN_THERMO,"Kitchen  Thermostat")},
                         {"Dining Room",  Valve(DINING_VALVE,  "Dining Valve"),  Thermostat(DINING_THERMO, "Dining Thermostat")}};

//  END CONFIGURATION BLOCK                                           
//////////////////////////////////////////////////


//  Some fixed devices:
LED           iLED(INDICATION_LED, "Indicator LED"); //  can be removed if you run out of IO's
LED           hLED(HEATING_LED, "Heating  LED");
Manipulator   CV(HEATER_PIN, "CV Heater");
Pump          FUPump(FU_PUMP_PIN,  "Floor Unit Pump");
Thermostat    ZonelessThermo(NO_ZONE_THERMO, "Zoneless  Thermostat"); // For the rest of the house, no related to the floor unit zone

void  printConfiguration() {
   Serial.println("------ Board Configuration: ---------");
   iLED.Print();
   hLED.Print();
   CV.Print();
   FUPump.Print();
   ZonelessThermo.Print();
   for(int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
      Serial.print("Zone[");  Serial.print(i+1); 
      Serial.print("]: "); Serial.println(Zones[i].name);
      Serial.print(" - "); Zones[i].valve.Print();
      Serial.print(" -  "); Zones[i].thermostat.Print();
   }
   Serial.println("-------------------------------------");
}

//  state machine, with both transition and state handling actions
class State
{
  public:
  enum states {
    idle,
    on,
    cooldown
  };

  private:
  //vars
  states _State;
  unsigned long cooldownCount;

  public: 
  //constructor
  StateMAchine()   {
    _State = idle;
  }
  
  // Getter
  states const& operator()() const {
      return  _State;    
  }

  // Setter
  void operator()(states const& newState)  {
      printTimeStamp();
      Serial.print(": State change from [");
      Print();
      _State = newState;
      Serial.print("] to [");
      Print();
      Serial.println("]");
      // deal with transition  actions to the new state
      switch(_State)
      {
       case idle:
          hLED.Off();
          CV.Off();  // stop heating
          FUPump.Off();  
          allValvesOff();
          break;
       case on:
          hLED.On();
          CV.On(); // start heating, but Floor unit pump has to wait till at least  one zone is open
          break;
       case cooldown:
          CV.Off();  // stop heating
          allValvesOn(); // open all zones for cooldown; pump  has to wait for this
          break;  
       default: 
         Serial.println("WARNING  Unhandled State transition");
         break;
      }
  }

  //  Do the state handling; to be called repatively by the loop()  
  void doProcessingActions()  {
    switch(_State) {
       case on:
        onProcessing(); // As long  heating is requested open/close zones matching the heating requests
        break;    
      case cooldown:
        coolDownProcessing(); // take 30 minutes  to dissipate remaing Heat into the floor
        break;
      case idle:
        idleProcessing(); // operate pumps/valves once per day
        break;
      default: 
        Serial.println("ERROR Unhandled State");
        break;
    }
  }

  void setCoolDownNeeded() {
    cooldownCount = COOLDOWN_TIME;
  }
  bool whileCoolDownNeeded() { // down counts the time
     if (cooldownCount  > 0) {
        cooldownCount--;
     }
     return checkCoolDownNeeded();
  }
  bool checkCoolDownNeeded() {
     return (cooldownCount> 0);
  }
  
  void Print()   {
    switch(_State)
    {
     case idle:
        Serial.print("idle");
        break;
     case on:
        Serial.print("on");
        break;
     case cooldown:
         Serial.print("cooldown");
        break;  
    }
  }
};

// The global state machine
State    CVState;


void  setup() 
{
  // initializations
  Serial.begin(115200);
  printTimeStamp();
  Serial.print(": ");
#ifdef FAST_MODE
  Serial.println("CV Zone Controller  started in TestMode!\
"
                 " - Board time runs ca 50 times faster\
"
                 " - Pump maintenance cycle runs ever 3 hours instead once per  36 hours");
#else
  Serial.println("CV Zone Controller started. Time stamps  (dd:hh:mm:ss)");
#endif
  Serial.println(" - Time stamps format (dd:hh:mm:ss)");
  printConfiguration();
  wdt_enable(WDTO_1S);  // Watchdog: reset board after  one second, if no "pat the dog" received
}

void loop() 
{

#ifdef  FAST_MODE
  delay(2); // 50 times faster so minutes become roughly seconds for  debugging purpose; so every count for cooldown or idle is 0.002 second
#else
  delay(100); // Normal operation: loops approx 10 times per second; so every count  for cooldown or idle is 0.1 second
#endif

  // Use Indication LED to show  board is alive
  iLED.Alternate();

  // once per loop() the pump and valves  need to opdate hteir administatrion
  FUPump.Update();
  for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES;  i++) {
    // Update valve administration for transition times to open/close
    Zones[i].valve.Update();
  }
  
  // Reset the WatchDog timer (pat  the dog)
  wdt_reset();  

  // Do the state handling
  CVState.doProcessingActions();
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//  Processing Methods for each CV State
/////////////////////////////////////////

void  onProcessing() {
  if (ProcessThermostats())  { // returns true if at least  one of the thermostats is on (switch closed) => stay in this state
    if (FloorPumpingAllowed())   {
       FUPump.On();
    }
    else {
       FUPump.Off(); 
    }
  }
  else if ( CVState.checkCoolDownNeeded() ) {  // Continue in cooldown  state to keep pump running for a while
      CVState(State::cooldown); 
  }
  else  {  // skip cooldown for floor unit, go back to idle
      CVState(State::idle);  
  }
}


void coolDownProcessing() {
  hLED.Alternate();
  if  (HeatingRequested()) {   // returns true when one of the thermostats is closed
    CVState(State::on);
  }
  else  {
    if ( CVState.whileCoolDownNeeded()  ) {
      if (FloorPumpingAllowed()) {
         FUPump.On();
      } else  {
         FUPump.Off();  
      }        
    }
    else {
      CVState(State::idle);
    }
  }
}

void idleProcessing() 
{
  if (HeatingRequested())  {    // returns true when one of the thermostats is closed
    CVState(State::on);
  }
  else
  {
    // During idle period this check will activate the Floor  Unit Pump for 8 minutes per 36 hours to keep them operatable
    if ( FUPump.doMaintenanceRun())  {
      if (FUPump.IsOff()) {
        if ( allValvesOpen() == false ) { //  start opening just once
          printTimeStamp(); Serial.println(": Start  daily cycle for Floor Unit Pump; open valves: ");
          allValvesOn();
        }
        if (FloorPumpingAllowed()) { 
          // this takes ca  5 minutes after activating the valves (6 seconds in test mode)
          printTimeStamp();  Serial.println(": Start daily cycle for Floor Unit Pump; start pump ");
          FUPump.On();  
        }
        
      }
    } 
    else if (FUPump.IsOn()) {  // no Maintenance needed. So stop pump if still running
        printTimeStamp();  Serial.println(": Stop daily cycle for Floor Unit Pump; stop pump and close valves");
        FUPump.Off();
        allValvesOff();
    }
  }
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//  Helper Methods used by the State handlers
/////////////////////////////////////////

void  allValvesOff() {
  for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
    Zones[i].valve.Off();
  }    
}

void allValvesOn() {
  for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
    Zones[i].valve.On();
  }    
}

bool allValvesOpen() {
  for  (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
    if ( Zones[i].valve.IsOff() ) {
       return  false;
    }
  }
  return true;
}


bool FloorPumpingAllowed()  
{
  // returns true if at least one zone is open, taking Valve transition  into account
  for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
    if (Zones[i].valve.ValveIsOpen()  ) {
      return true;
    }
  }
  return false; // all valves are closed
}

bool  ProcessThermostats() // returns true when one of the thermostats is closed
{                         // (De-)Activates Floor zones
   bool heating=false;
   bool requested[NR_ZONES]; 
    
   if ( ZonelessThermo.IsOn() ) {
     heating  = true;
   }
   for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
     // record heating  requests only once to avoid race conditions due changes in between
     requested[i]  = Zones[i].thermostat.IsOn();
     if ( requested[i] ) {
       heating =  true;
       CVState.setCoolDownNeeded(); // remember if there was a request  for heating a floor unit zone
     }
   }
   for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES;  i++) {
     if ( requested[i] ) {
       // Selectively open valves for zones  that request heating 
       Zones[i].valve.On();
     }
     else if (heating)  {
       // Selectively close valves for zones that don't require heating anymore
       // Only close them if heating is still required because in cooldown all zones  need to be open
       Zones[i].valve.Off();
     }
   }
   return heating;
}

bool  HeatingRequested()
{
  if ( ZonelessThermo.IsOn() ) {
    return true;
  }
  for (int i=0; i<NR_ZONES; i++) {
    if (Zones[i].thermostat.IsOn()  ) {
      return true;
    }
  }
  return false; // all Thermostats  are open (no heating needed)
}

void printTimeStamp() {
  #ifdef FAST_MODE
    // 50 times faster; represent the time it would be in normal mode
     unsigned  long seconds = millis()/(unsigned long)20;
  #else
    // Normal operation
     unsigned long seconds = millis()/(unsigned long)1000;
  #endif
    unsigned  long minutes, hours, days;
    minutes = seconds / 60L;
    seconds %= 60L;  
    hours = minutes / 60L;
    minutes %= 60L;
    days = hours / 24L;
    hours %= 24L;
    char time[30]; 
    sprintf(time, "%02d:%02d:%02d:%02d",  (int)days, (int)hours, (int)minutes, (int)seconds);
    Serial.print(time);
}

Devices.h

c_cpp

1// Helper classes for IO devices
2extern void printTimeStamp(); // defined
3  in main ino file
4
5// IODevice: base class for all IO devices; needs specialization
6class
7  IODevice { 
8  //vars
9  protected:
10  bool _IsOn;
11  int _Pin;
12  String
13  _Name;
14  
15  //constructor
16  public:
17  IODevice(int pin, String name)
18   {
19    _IsOn = false;
20    _Pin = pin;
21    _Name= name;
22  }
23  //methods
24
25  virtual bool IsOn() = 0; // abstract
26  virtual bool IsOff() {   // default
27  for all
28    return !IsOn();
29  }
30
31  void DebugPrint()   {
32    printTimeStamp();
33
34    Serial.print(": ");
35    Print();
36  }
37  void Print() {
38    Serial.print(_Name);
39
40    Serial.print(" on pin(");
41    Serial.print(_Pin);
42    if (_IsOn)
43
44      Serial.println(") = On");
45    else
46      Serial.println(") = Off");
47
48  }
49};
50
51// Thermostat: reads an digital input adding some dender surpression
52  
53class Thermostat : public IODevice  
54{
55  //vars
56  private:
57  int
58  _Counter; // used to prevent reading intermitted switching (dender)
59  
60  //constructor
61
62  public:
63  Thermostat(int pin, String name) : IODevice(pin, name)   {
64    _Counter
65  = 0;
66    pinMode(_Pin, INPUT_PULLUP); 
67  }
68
69  //methods  
70  virtual
71  bool IsOn()   {
72    if (digitalRead(_Pin) == HIGH  && _IsOn == true) // open
73  contact while on
74    {
75      if( _Counter++ > 5) // only act after  5 times
76  the same read out
77      {
78         _IsOn = false;
79         DebugPrint();
80
81         _Counter = 0;
82      }
83    }
84    else if (digitalRead(_Pin) ==
85  LOW  && _IsOn == false) // closed contact while off
86    {
87      if( _Counter++
88  > 5) // only act after  5 times the same read out
89      {
90         _IsOn =
91  true;
92         DebugPrint();
93         _Counter = 0;
94      }
95    }
96
97    else 
98    {
99       _Counter = 0;
100    }
101    return _IsOn;
102  }
103};
104
105//
106  Manipulator: the most basic working device on an digital output  
107class Manipulator
108  : public IODevice
109{
110  //vars
111  private:
112
113  //constructor
114  public:
115
116  Manipulator(int pin, String name)  : IODevice(pin, name)   {
117    pinMode(_Pin,
118  OUTPUT);   
119    digitalWrite(_Pin, HIGH);
120  }
121  //methods
122  void On()
123    {
124    if (_IsOn == false)
125    {
126      _IsOn = true;
127      digitalWrite(_Pin,
128  LOW);
129      onSwitch();
130    }
131  }
132
133  void Off()   {
134    if (_IsOn
135  == true)
136    {
137      _IsOn = false;
138      digitalWrite(_Pin, HIGH);
139
140      onSwitch();
141    }
142  }
143
144  virtual void onSwitch() {  // trigger
145  for child claases; change in on/off state
146     DebugPrint();  
147  }
148
149
150  virtual bool IsOn()   {
151    return _IsOn;
152  }
153};
154
155// Valve: controlles
156  themostatic valves on a digital output. 
157// These valves react slowly (3-5 minutes)
158  so this class adds this transition awareness
159// loop() must call Update() to
160  keep track if the valve is fully open or closed
161class Valve : public Manipulator
162{
163
164  private:
165  long transitionCount;
166
167    //constructor
168  public:
169
170  Valve(int pin, String name) : Manipulator(pin, name)   {
171    transitionCount
172  = 0;
173  }
174
175  bool ValveIsOpen()   {
176    return (IsOn() && (transitionCount>=VALVE_TIME));
177  // at least 5 minutes in on state
178  }
179  
180  // Execute once per pass in
181  the sketch loop() !!!
182  void Update()   { 
183    if (IsOn())     {
184      if
185  (transitionCount < VALVE_TIME)
186        transitionCount++;
187    }
188    else
189     {
190      if (transitionCount > 0)
191        transitionCount--;
192    }
193
194  }
195};
196
197
198// Pump: a pump need to be activated several times a week to
199  keep them going. 
200// loop() must call Update() to keep track when a maintenance
201  activation is needed
202class Pump : public Manipulator
203{
204  // valves react
205  slowly (3-5 minutes) so this class adds this transition awareness
206  private:
207
208  long counter;
209  bool doMaintenance;
210
211    //constructor
212  public:
213
214  Pump(int pin, String name) : Manipulator(pin, name)   {
215    counter = 0;
216
217    doMaintenance = false;
218  }
219
220  bool doMaintenanceRun()   {
221    return
222  doMaintenance;
223  }
224
225  virtual void onSwitch() {  // change in on/off state
226
227     Manipulator::onSwitch();  
228     counter = 0;
229  }
230
231  // run this
232  method every pass in loop() 
233  void Update()   {
234    if (IsOn()) {
235      if
236  (counter < PUMP_ACTIVATION_TIME) {
237        counter++;
238      } else if (doMaintenance)
239  {
240        printTimeStamp();
241        Serial.println(": Pump Maintenance cleared");
242
243        doMaintenance = false;
244      }
245    }
246    else {
247      if (counter
248  < PUMP_MAINTENANCE_TIME) {
249        counter++;
250      }  else if (doMaintenance==false)
251  {
252        printTimeStamp();
253        Serial.println(": Pump Maintenance needed");
254
255        doMaintenance = true;
256      }
257    }
258  }
259};
260
261// LED; besides
262  on/off it offers a method to alternate the LED (1Hz)
263// just call Alternate()
264  from the loop() to activate alternation
265class LED : public Manipulator
266{
267
268  private:
269  long counter;
270
271    //constructor
272  public:
273  LED(int
274  pin, String name) : Manipulator(pin, name)   {
275    counter = 0;
276  }
277
278
279  virtual void onSwitch() {  // change in on/off state
280    // surpress printing
281  debug output for LEDs
282  }
283
284  void Alternate() {
285  #ifdef FAST_MODE
286
287    if (counter++ > 250)
288  #else
289    if (counter++ > 5)
290  #endif  
291
292    {  // toggle LED 
293      counter=0;
294      if (IsOn())
295        Off();
296
297      else
298        On();
299    }
300  }
301};
302
303
304

// Helper classes for IO devices
extern void printTimeStamp(); // defined
  in main ino file

// IODevice: base class for all IO devices; needs specialization
class
  IODevice { 
  //vars
  protected:
  bool _IsOn;
  int _Pin;
  String
  _Name;
  
  //constructor
  public:
  IODevice(int pin, String name)
   {
    _IsOn = false;
    _Pin = pin;
    _Name= name;
  }
  //methods

  virtual bool IsOn() = 0; // abstract
  virtual bool IsOff() {   // default
  for all
    return !IsOn();
  }

  void DebugPrint()   {
    printTimeStamp();

    Serial.print(": ");
    Print();
  }
  void Print() {
    Serial.print(_Name);

    Serial.print(" on pin(");
    Serial.print(_Pin);
    if (_IsOn)

      Serial.println(") = On");
    else
      Serial.println(") = Off");

  }
};

// Thermostat: reads an digital input adding some dender surpression
  
class Thermostat : public IODevice  
{
  //vars
  private:
  int
  _Counter; // used to prevent reading intermitted switching (dender)
  
  //constructor

  public:
  Thermostat(int pin, String name) : IODevice(pin, name)   {
    _Counter
  = 0;
    pinMode(_Pin, INPUT_PULLUP); 
  }

  //methods  
  virtual
  bool IsOn()   {
    if (digitalRead(_Pin) == HIGH  && _IsOn == true) // open
  contact while on
    {
      if( _Counter++ > 5) // only act after  5 times
  the same read out
      {
         _IsOn = false;
         DebugPrint();

         _Counter = 0;
      }
    }
    else if (digitalRead(_Pin) ==
  LOW  && _IsOn == false) // closed contact while off
    {
      if( _Counter++
  > 5) // only act after  5 times the same read out
      {
         _IsOn =
  true;
         DebugPrint();
         _Counter = 0;
      }
    }

    else 
    {
       _Counter = 0;
    }
    return _IsOn;
  }
};

//
  Manipulator: the most basic working device on an digital output  
class Manipulator
  : public IODevice
{
  //vars
  private:

  //constructor
  public:

  Manipulator(int pin, String name)  : IODevice(pin, name)   {
    pinMode(_Pin,
  OUTPUT);   
    digitalWrite(_Pin, HIGH);
  }
  //methods
  void On()
    {
    if (_IsOn == false)
    {
      _IsOn = true;
      digitalWrite(_Pin,
  LOW);
      onSwitch();
    }
  }

  void Off()   {
    if (_IsOn
  == true)
    {
      _IsOn = false;
      digitalWrite(_Pin, HIGH);

      onSwitch();
    }
  }

  virtual void onSwitch() {  // trigger
  for child claases; change in on/off state
     DebugPrint();  
  }


  virtual bool IsOn()   {
    return _IsOn;
  }
};

// Valve: controlles
  themostatic valves on a digital output. 
// These valves react slowly (3-5 minutes)
  so this class adds this transition awareness
// loop() must call Update() to
  keep track if the valve is fully open or closed
class Valve : public Manipulator
{

  private:
  long transitionCount;

    //constructor
  public:

  Valve(int pin, String name) : Manipulator(pin, name)   {
    transitionCount
  = 0;
  }

  bool ValveIsOpen()   {
    return (IsOn() && (transitionCount>=VALVE_TIME));
  // at least 5 minutes in on state
  }
  
  // Execute once per pass in
  the sketch loop() !!!
  void Update()   { 
    if (IsOn())     {
      if
  (transitionCount < VALVE_TIME)
        transitionCount++;
    }
    else
     {
      if (transitionCount > 0)
        transitionCount--;
    }

  }
};


// Pump: a pump need to be activated several times a week to
  keep them going. 
// loop() must call Update() to keep track when a maintenance
  activation is needed
class Pump : public Manipulator
{
  // valves react
  slowly (3-5 minutes) so this class adds this transition awareness
  private:

  long counter;
  bool doMaintenance;

    //constructor
  public:

  Pump(int pin, String name) : Manipulator(pin, name)   {
    counter = 0;

    doMaintenance = false;
  }

  bool doMaintenanceRun()   {
    return
  doMaintenance;
  }

  virtual void onSwitch() {  // change in on/off state

     Manipulator::onSwitch();  
     counter = 0;
  }

  // run this
  method every pass in loop() 
  void Update()   {
    if (IsOn()) {
      if
  (counter < PUMP_ACTIVATION_TIME) {
        counter++;
      } else if (doMaintenance)
  {
        printTimeStamp();
        Serial.println(": Pump Maintenance cleared");

        doMaintenance = false;
      }
    }
    else {
      if (counter
  < PUMP_MAINTENANCE_TIME) {
        counter++;
      }  else if (doMaintenance==false)
  {
        printTimeStamp();
        Serial.println(": Pump Maintenance needed");

        doMaintenance = true;
      }
    }
  }
};

// LED; besides
  on/off it offers a method to alternate the LED (1Hz)
// just call Alternate()
  from the loop() to activate alternation
class LED : public Manipulator
{

  private:
  long counter;

    //constructor
  public:
  LED(int
  pin, String name) : Manipulator(pin, name)   {
    counter = 0;
  }


  virtual void onSwitch() {  // change in on/off state
    // surpress printing
  debug output for LEDs
  }

  void Alternate() {
  #ifdef FAST_MODE

    if (counter++ > 250)
  #else
    if (counter++ > 5)
  #endif  

    {  // toggle LED 
      counter=0;
      if (IsOn())
        Off();

      else
        On();
    }
  }
};

Downloadable files

The device mounted

Inspirational

The device mounted

Multiple Controllers

Example of wiring multiple 'cascaded' controllers. One controller per Floor Unit

Multiple Controllers

Example of the Logging

Some real logging of the Serial Monitor to understand the fuctionallity. The timestamps show e.g. a delay of 5 minutes between opening valves and actually starting the floor unit pump.

Example of the Logging

Schematics

Detailed wiring of periferals (Pump, Valves, Thermostats, LED's)

Schematics

Multiple Controllers

Example of wiring multiple 'cascaded' controllers. One controller per Floor Unit

Multiple Controllers

Example of the Logging

Some real logging of the Serial Monitor to understand the fuctionallity. The timestamps show e.g. a delay of 5 minutes between opening valves and actually starting the floor unit pump.

Example of the Logging

The device mounted

Inspirational

The device mounted

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