Light Up Dice Skull using Arduino Nano

If your dice go everywhere when you are playing games, then this dice skull may be what you need to make next.

Jan 3, 2022

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Components and supplies

9V battery (generic)

Resistor 10k ohm

Slide Switch

Arduino Nano R3

Battery Holder, 9V

Photo resistor

RGB Diffused Common Cathode

Resistor 220 ohm

Tools and machines

Soldering iron (generic)

3D Printer (generic)

Hot glue gun (generic)

Solder Wire, Lead Free

Project description

Code

Skull Code

c_cpp

Upload this to Nano

1// Light up skull code for Arduino Nano
2// (C) Copyright 2021 John   Dillenburg
3// john _at_ dillenburg.org
4//
5double avgWhenOn;
6double avgWhenOff;   
7long last = 0;
8int lightOnLevel = 4;
9long lastTrigger = 0;
10long triggerCooldown   = 500; // milliseconds
11int detectThreshold = 10;
12long recalibrateInterval   = 300000; // milliseconds
13long lastRecalibrate = 0;
14
15void setup() {
16   Serial.begin(115200);
17  pinMode(9, OUTPUT);
18  pinMode(10, OUTPUT);
19  pinMode(11,   OUTPUT);
20  pinMode(A0, INPUT);
21  calibrate();
22  if (Serial) {
23    Serial.print("lightOnLevel   = ");
24    Serial.print(lightOnLevel);
25    Serial.print("   avgWhenOn = ");
26     Serial.print(avgWhenOn);
27    Serial.print("   avgWhenOff = ");
28    Serial.println(avgWhenOff);
29   }
30  detectMode();
31}
32
33void calibrate() {
34  lightOnLevel = 20;
35   avgWhenOn = average(500, lightOnLevel);
36  avgWhenOff = average(500, 0);
37   while (avgWhenOff - avgWhenOn < detectThreshold && lightOnLevel < 255) {
38    lightOnLevel   += 16;
39    avgWhenOn = average(500, lightOnLevel);
40  }
41  if (lightOnLevel   > 255) lightOnLevel = 255;
42  lastRecalibrate = millis();
43}
44
45void rgb(int   r, int g, int b) {
46  analogWrite(9, 255 - r);
47  analogWrite(10, 255 - g);
48   analogWrite(11, 255 - b);
49}
50
51void movementDetected() {
52  rgb(255,   0, 0);
53  delay(3000);  
54}
55
56void detectMode() {
57  rgb(lightOnLevel,   lightOnLevel, lightOnLevel);
58}
59
60double average(int duration, int level)   {
61  rgb(level, level, level);
62  long start = millis();
63  long count = 0;
64   double sum = 0.0;
65  while (millis() < start + duration) {
66    sum += analogRead(A0);
67     count++;
68  }
69  return sum / count;
70}
71
72void loop() {
73  int   detector = analogRead(A0);
74  avgWhenOn = avgWhenOn * 0.999 + detector * 0.001;
75   if (Serial && millis() > last + 1000) {
76    Serial.print("detector = ");
77     Serial.print(detector);
78    Serial.print("  avg = ");
79    Serial.println(avgWhenOn);
80     last = millis();
81  }
82  if (detector > avgWhenOn + detectThreshold && millis()   > lastTrigger + triggerCooldown) {
83    if (Serial) {
84      Serial.print("triggered   ");
85      Serial.println(detector);
86    }
87    movementDetected();
88     lastTrigger = millis();
89    detectMode();
90  }
91  if (millis() > lastRecalibrate   + recalibrateInterval) {
92    calibrate();
93  }
94}
95

// Light up skull code for Arduino Nano
// (C) Copyright 2021 John   Dillenburg
// john _at_ dillenburg.org
//
double avgWhenOn;
double avgWhenOff;   
long last = 0;
int lightOnLevel = 4;
long lastTrigger = 0;
long triggerCooldown   = 500; // milliseconds
int detectThreshold = 10;
long recalibrateInterval   = 300000; // milliseconds
long lastRecalibrate = 0;

void setup() {
   Serial.begin(115200);
  pinMode(9, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(10, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(11,   OUTPUT);
  pinMode(A0, INPUT);
  calibrate();
  if (Serial) {
    Serial.print("lightOnLevel   = ");
    Serial.print(lightOnLevel);
    Serial.print("   avgWhenOn = ");
     Serial.print(avgWhenOn);
    Serial.print("   avgWhenOff = ");
    Serial.println(avgWhenOff);
   }
  detectMode();
}

void calibrate() {
  lightOnLevel = 20;
   avgWhenOn = average(500, lightOnLevel);
  avgWhenOff = average(500, 0);
   while (avgWhenOff - avgWhenOn < detectThreshold && lightOnLevel < 255) {
    lightOnLevel   += 16;
    avgWhenOn = average(500, lightOnLevel);
  }
  if (lightOnLevel   > 255) lightOnLevel = 255;
  lastRecalibrate = millis();
}

void rgb(int   r, int g, int b) {
  analogWrite(9, 255 - r);
  analogWrite(10, 255 - g);
   analogWrite(11, 255 - b);
}

void movementDetected() {
  rgb(255,   0, 0);
  delay(3000);  
}

void detectMode() {
  rgb(lightOnLevel,   lightOnLevel, lightOnLevel);
}

double average(int duration, int level)   {
  rgb(level, level, level);
  long start = millis();
  long count = 0;
   double sum = 0.0;
  while (millis() < start + duration) {
    sum += analogRead(A0);
     count++;
  }
  return sum / count;
}

void loop() {
  int   detector = analogRead(A0);
  avgWhenOn = avgWhenOn * 0.999 + detector * 0.001;
   if (Serial && millis() > last + 1000) {
    Serial.print("detector = ");
     Serial.print(detector);
    Serial.print("  avg = ");
    Serial.println(avgWhenOn);
     last = millis();
  }
  if (detector > avgWhenOn + detectThreshold && millis()   > lastTrigger + triggerCooldown) {
    if (Serial) {
      Serial.print("triggered   ");
      Serial.println(detector);
    }
    movementDetected();
     lastTrigger = millis();
    detectMode();
  }
  if (millis() > lastRecalibrate   + recalibrateInterval) {
    calibrate();
  }
}

Skull Code

c_cpp

Upload this to Nano

1// Light up skull code for Arduino Nano
2// (C) Copyright 2021 John  Dillenburg
3// john _at_ dillenburg.org
4//
5double avgWhenOn;
6double avgWhenOff;  
7long last = 0;
8int lightOnLevel = 4;
9long lastTrigger = 0;
10long triggerCooldown  = 500; // milliseconds
11int detectThreshold = 10;
12long recalibrateInterval  = 300000; // milliseconds
13long lastRecalibrate = 0;
14
15void setup() {
16  Serial.begin(115200);
17  pinMode(9, OUTPUT);
18  pinMode(10, OUTPUT);
19  pinMode(11,  OUTPUT);
20  pinMode(A0, INPUT);
21  calibrate();
22  if (Serial) {
23    Serial.print("lightOnLevel  = ");
24    Serial.print(lightOnLevel);
25    Serial.print("   avgWhenOn = ");
26    Serial.print(avgWhenOn);
27    Serial.print("   avgWhenOff = ");
28    Serial.println(avgWhenOff);
29  }
30  detectMode();
31}
32
33void calibrate() {
34  lightOnLevel = 20;
35  avgWhenOn = average(500, lightOnLevel);
36  avgWhenOff = average(500, 0);
37  while (avgWhenOff - avgWhenOn < detectThreshold && lightOnLevel < 255) {
38    lightOnLevel  += 16;
39    avgWhenOn = average(500, lightOnLevel);
40  }
41  if (lightOnLevel  > 255) lightOnLevel = 255;
42  lastRecalibrate = millis();
43}
44
45void rgb(int  r, int g, int b) {
46  analogWrite(9, 255 - r);
47  analogWrite(10, 255 - g);
48  analogWrite(11, 255 - b);
49}
50
51void movementDetected() {
52  rgb(255,  0, 0);
53  delay(3000);  
54}
55
56void detectMode() {
57  rgb(lightOnLevel,  lightOnLevel, lightOnLevel);
58}
59
60double average(int duration, int level)  {
61  rgb(level, level, level);
62  long start = millis();
63  long count = 0;
64  double sum = 0.0;
65  while (millis() < start + duration) {
66    sum += analogRead(A0);
67    count++;
68  }
69  return sum / count;
70}
71
72void loop() {
73  int  detector = analogRead(A0);
74  avgWhenOn = avgWhenOn * 0.999 + detector * 0.001;
75  if (Serial && millis() > last + 1000) {
76    Serial.print("detector = ");
77    Serial.print(detector);
78    Serial.print("  avg = ");
79    Serial.println(avgWhenOn);
80    last = millis();
81  }
82  if (detector > avgWhenOn + detectThreshold && millis()  > lastTrigger + triggerCooldown) {
83    if (Serial) {
84      Serial.print("triggered  ");
85      Serial.println(detector);
86    }
87    movementDetected();
88    lastTrigger = millis();
89    detectMode();
90  }
91  if (millis() > lastRecalibrate  + recalibrateInterval) {
92    calibrate();
93  }
94}
95

// Light up skull code for Arduino Nano
// (C) Copyright 2021 John  Dillenburg
// john _at_ dillenburg.org
//
double avgWhenOn;
double avgWhenOff;  
long last = 0;
int lightOnLevel = 4;
long lastTrigger = 0;
long triggerCooldown  = 500; // milliseconds
int detectThreshold = 10;
long recalibrateInterval  = 300000; // milliseconds
long lastRecalibrate = 0;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  pinMode(9, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(10, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(11,  OUTPUT);
  pinMode(A0, INPUT);
  calibrate();
  if (Serial) {
    Serial.print("lightOnLevel  = ");
    Serial.print(lightOnLevel);
    Serial.print("   avgWhenOn = ");
    Serial.print(avgWhenOn);
    Serial.print("   avgWhenOff = ");
    Serial.println(avgWhenOff);
  }
  detectMode();
}

void calibrate() {
  lightOnLevel = 20;
  avgWhenOn = average(500, lightOnLevel);
  avgWhenOff = average(500, 0);
  while (avgWhenOff - avgWhenOn < detectThreshold && lightOnLevel < 255) {
    lightOnLevel  += 16;
    avgWhenOn = average(500, lightOnLevel);
  }
  if (lightOnLevel  > 255) lightOnLevel = 255;
  lastRecalibrate = millis();
}

void rgb(int  r, int g, int b) {
  analogWrite(9, 255 - r);
  analogWrite(10, 255 - g);
  analogWrite(11, 255 - b);
}

void movementDetected() {
  rgb(255,  0, 0);
  delay(3000);  
}

void detectMode() {
  rgb(lightOnLevel,  lightOnLevel, lightOnLevel);
}

double average(int duration, int level)  {
  rgb(level, level, level);
  long start = millis();
  long count = 0;
  double sum = 0.0;
  while (millis() < start + duration) {
    sum += analogRead(A0);
    count++;
  }
  return sum / count;
}

void loop() {
  int  detector = analogRead(A0);
  avgWhenOn = avgWhenOn * 0.999 + detector * 0.001;
  if (Serial && millis() > last + 1000) {
    Serial.print("detector = ");
    Serial.print(detector);
    Serial.print("  avg = ");
    Serial.println(avgWhenOn);
    last = millis();
  }
  if (detector > avgWhenOn + detectThreshold && millis()  > lastTrigger + triggerCooldown) {
    if (Serial) {
      Serial.print("triggered  ");
      Serial.println(detector);
    }
    movementDetected();
    lastTrigger = millis();
    detectMode();
  }
  if (millis() > lastRecalibrate  + recalibrateInterval) {
    calibrate();
  }
}

Downloadable files

Circuit Diagram

Documentation

9V Battery Holder 3D Print File

Skull 3D Print File

Code

Main code file

Code

Skull 3D Print File

Code

Main code file

Code

Fritzing

9V Battery Holder 3D Print File

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