PWM Demonstration Board (Using Arduino)

This PWM Learning Board helps students to understand the PWM concept. What is it and how it works.

Jan 30, 2018

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home automation

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Arduino UNO

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Project description

Code

Arduino_PWM_Demo_Board_V13.ino

arduino

This is the code i wrote

1/* Arduino PWM Demo Board
2 2015 Luis Sousa */
3
4//Definio dos  pinos
5int pulse_1 = 0;    // pulse 10% on no pino x
6int pulse_2 = 1;    //  pulse 10% off no pino x
7int pulse_3 = 2;    // inverter pulse 50% no pino x
8int  pulse_4 = 3;    // inverter pulse 50% no pino x
9int pulse_5 = 5;    // 20ms 50  hz 50% no pino x
10int pulse_6 = 6;    // 20ms 50 hz 50% invertida no pino x
11int  sin_1 = 5;      // saida sinusoidal 1 no pino x
12int sin_2 = 6;      // saida  sinusoidal 2 no pino x
13int clk = 13;       // clock no pino x
14int led_1 =  10;     // led 1 no pino x
15int led_2 = 11;     // led 2 no pino x
16int switchPin  = 4;  // Comuta modo 1 ou modo 2 no pino x
17
18// Inicializao de variaveis
19int  analog_1 = 0;  //Valores da sinusoide 1
20int analog_2 = 0;  //Valores da sinusoide  2
21float x = 0;
22int us = 975;
23int vin = 0;
24int vout = 0;
25boolean fixed_pulse  = false; //permite variar a frequencia dos impulsos no modo 2
26
27void setup()
28{
29  pinMode(pulse_1, OUTPUT);
30  pinMode(pulse_2, OUTPUT);
31  pinMode(pulse_3,  OUTPUT);
32  pinMode(pulse_4, OUTPUT);
33  pinMode(pulse_5, OUTPUT);
34  pinMode(pulse_6,  OUTPUT);
35  pinMode(sin_1, OUTPUT);
36  pinMode(sin_2, OUTPUT);
37  pinMode(led_1,  OUTPUT);
38  pinMode(led_2, OUTPUT);
39  pinMode(clk, OUTPUT);        //clock  & LED de monitorizaao
40  pinMode(switchPin, INPUT);   //Comuta modo 1 ou modo  2
41  pinMode(7, OUTPUT);          // seleccao de modo. Pino 7 liga switchPin
42  digitalWrite(7, HIGH);     // seleccao de modo. Pino 7 LOW/HIGH
43}
44
45void  loop()
46{
47
48
49  if (digitalRead(switchPin) == LOW) // Modo 2 - Gerador  de impulsos
50  {
51    //T0
52    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
53    digitalWrite(pulse_1, HIGH);
54    digitalWrite(pulse_2, LOW);
55    digitalWrite(pulse_5,  !(digitalRead(pulse_5)));
56    digitalWrite(pulse_6, !(digitalRead(pulse_5)));
57    digitalWrite(pulse_3, digitalRead(pulse_5));
58    digitalWrite(pulse_4, digitalRead(pulse_6));
59    delayMicroseconds(us-55);
60    //delay(1);
61
62    //T1
63    digitalWrite(clk,  !(digitalRead(clk)));
64    digitalWrite(pulse_1, LOW);
65    digitalWrite(pulse_2,  HIGH);
66    delayMicroseconds(us);
67    //    delay(1);
68
69    //T2
70    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
71    delayMicroseconds(us);
72    //    delay(1);
73
74    //T3
75    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
76    delayMicroseconds(us);
77    //    delay(1);
78
79    //T4
80    digitalWrite(clk,  !(digitalRead(clk)));
81    delayMicroseconds(us);
82    //    delay(1);
83
84    //T5
85    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
86    delayMicroseconds(us);
87    //    delay(1);
88
89    //T6
90    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
91    vin=analogRead(0);
92    delayMicroseconds(us-100);
93    //    delay(1);
94
95    //T7
96    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
97    if (!fixed_pulse)  us = 500 + vin;
98    delayMicroseconds(us);
99    //    delay(1);
100
101    //T8
102    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
103    delayMicroseconds(us);
104    //    delay(1);
105
106    //T9
107    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
108    delayMicroseconds(us);
109    //    delay(1);
110
111  }
112  else // Modo 1  Gerador de sinusoide PWM + Controlador PWM
113  {
114    x = x + 15;
115    if (x  > 628) x = 0;
116    vin = analogRead(0);
117    vout = int(vin / 4); // 1023/4  = 255, valor maximo que se pode escrever num porto PWM (8 bit)
118
119    analog_1  = int(128 + (vout / 2) * (sin(x / 100)));
120    analog_2 = int(128 + (vout / 2)  * (sin(3.14 + x / 100)));
121    analogWrite(sin_1, analog_1);
122    analogWrite(sin_2,  analog_2);
123    analogWrite(led_1, vout); // Saida PWM 1
124    analogWrite(led_2,  255 - vout); //Saida PWM 2 simetrica da 1
125    //digitalWrite(clk, !digitalRead(clk));
126  }
127
128}
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/* Arduino PWM Demo Board
 2015 Luis Sousa */

//Definio dos  pinos
int pulse_1 = 0;    // pulse 10% on no pino x
int pulse_2 = 1;    //  pulse 10% off no pino x
int pulse_3 = 2;    // inverter pulse 50% no pino x
int  pulse_4 = 3;    // inverter pulse 50% no pino x
int pulse_5 = 5;    // 20ms 50  hz 50% no pino x
int pulse_6 = 6;    // 20ms 50 hz 50% invertida no pino x
int  sin_1 = 5;      // saida sinusoidal 1 no pino x
int sin_2 = 6;      // saida  sinusoidal 2 no pino x
int clk = 13;       // clock no pino x
int led_1 =  10;     // led 1 no pino x
int led_2 = 11;     // led 2 no pino x
int switchPin  = 4;  // Comuta modo 1 ou modo 2 no pino x

// Inicializao de variaveis
int  analog_1 = 0;  //Valores da sinusoide 1
int analog_2 = 0;  //Valores da sinusoide  2
float x = 0;
int us = 975;
int vin = 0;
int vout = 0;
boolean fixed_pulse  = false; //permite variar a frequencia dos impulsos no modo 2

void setup()
{
  pinMode(pulse_1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pulse_2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pulse_3,  OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pulse_4, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pulse_5, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pulse_6,  OUTPUT);
  pinMode(sin_1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(sin_2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(led_1,  OUTPUT);
  pinMode(led_2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(clk, OUTPUT);        //clock  & LED de monitorizaao
  pinMode(switchPin, INPUT);   //Comuta modo 1 ou modo  2
  pinMode(7, OUTPUT);          // seleccao de modo. Pino 7 liga switchPin
  digitalWrite(7, HIGH);     // seleccao de modo. Pino 7 LOW/HIGH
}

void  loop()
{


  if (digitalRead(switchPin) == LOW) // Modo 2 - Gerador  de impulsos
  {
    //T0
    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
    digitalWrite(pulse_1, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(pulse_2, LOW);
    digitalWrite(pulse_5,  !(digitalRead(pulse_5)));
    digitalWrite(pulse_6, !(digitalRead(pulse_5)));
    digitalWrite(pulse_3, digitalRead(pulse_5));
    digitalWrite(pulse_4, digitalRead(pulse_6));
    delayMicroseconds(us-55);
    //delay(1);

    //T1
    digitalWrite(clk,  !(digitalRead(clk)));
    digitalWrite(pulse_1, LOW);
    digitalWrite(pulse_2,  HIGH);
    delayMicroseconds(us);
    //    delay(1);

    //T2
    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
    delayMicroseconds(us);
    //    delay(1);

    //T3
    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
    delayMicroseconds(us);
    //    delay(1);

    //T4
    digitalWrite(clk,  !(digitalRead(clk)));
    delayMicroseconds(us);
    //    delay(1);

    //T5
    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
    delayMicroseconds(us);
    //    delay(1);

    //T6
    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
    vin=analogRead(0);
    delayMicroseconds(us-100);
    //    delay(1);

    //T7
    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
    if (!fixed_pulse)  us = 500 + vin;
    delayMicroseconds(us);
    //    delay(1);

    //T8
    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
    delayMicroseconds(us);
    //    delay(1);

    //T9
    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
    delayMicroseconds(us);
    //    delay(1);

  }
  else // Modo 1  Gerador de sinusoide PWM + Controlador PWM
  {
    x = x + 15;
    if (x  > 628) x = 0;
    vin = analogRead(0);
    vout = int(vin / 4); // 1023/4  = 255, valor maximo que se pode escrever num porto PWM (8 bit)

    analog_1  = int(128 + (vout / 2) * (sin(x / 100)));
    analog_2 = int(128 + (vout / 2)  * (sin(3.14 + x / 100)));
    analogWrite(sin_1, analog_1);
    analogWrite(sin_2,  analog_2);
    analogWrite(led_1, vout); // Saida PWM 1
    analogWrite(led_2,  255 - vout); //Saida PWM 2 simetrica da 1
    //digitalWrite(clk, !digitalRead(clk));
  }

}

Arduino_PWM_Demo_Board_V13.ino

arduino

This is the code i wrote

1/* Arduino PWM Demo Board
2 2015 Luis Sousa */
3
4//Definio dos
5  pinos
6int pulse_1 = 0;    // pulse 10% on no pino x
7int pulse_2 = 1;    //
8  pulse 10% off no pino x
9int pulse_3 = 2;    // inverter pulse 50% no pino x
10int
11  pulse_4 = 3;    // inverter pulse 50% no pino x
12int pulse_5 = 5;    // 20ms 50
13  hz 50% no pino x
14int pulse_6 = 6;    // 20ms 50 hz 50% invertida no pino x
15int
16  sin_1 = 5;      // saida sinusoidal 1 no pino x
17int sin_2 = 6;      // saida
18  sinusoidal 2 no pino x
19int clk = 13;       // clock no pino x
20int led_1 =
21  10;     // led 1 no pino x
22int led_2 = 11;     // led 2 no pino x
23int switchPin
24  = 4;  // Comuta modo 1 ou modo 2 no pino x
25
26// Inicializao de variaveis
27int
28  analog_1 = 0;  //Valores da sinusoide 1
29int analog_2 = 0;  //Valores da sinusoide
30  2
31float x = 0;
32int us = 975;
33int vin = 0;
34int vout = 0;
35boolean fixed_pulse
36  = false; //permite variar a frequencia dos impulsos no modo 2
37
38void setup()
39{
40
41  pinMode(pulse_1, OUTPUT);
42  pinMode(pulse_2, OUTPUT);
43  pinMode(pulse_3,
44  OUTPUT);
45  pinMode(pulse_4, OUTPUT);
46  pinMode(pulse_5, OUTPUT);
47  pinMode(pulse_6,
48  OUTPUT);
49  pinMode(sin_1, OUTPUT);
50  pinMode(sin_2, OUTPUT);
51  pinMode(led_1,
52  OUTPUT);
53  pinMode(led_2, OUTPUT);
54  pinMode(clk, OUTPUT);        //clock
55  & LED de monitorizaao
56  pinMode(switchPin, INPUT);   //Comuta modo 1 ou modo
57  2
58  pinMode(7, OUTPUT);          // seleccao de modo. Pino 7 liga switchPin
59
60  digitalWrite(7, HIGH);     // seleccao de modo. Pino 7 LOW/HIGH
61}
62
63void
64  loop()
65{
66
67
68  if (digitalRead(switchPin) == LOW) // Modo 2 - Gerador
69  de impulsos
70  {
71    //T0
72    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
73
74    digitalWrite(pulse_1, HIGH);
75    digitalWrite(pulse_2, LOW);
76    digitalWrite(pulse_5,
77  !(digitalRead(pulse_5)));
78    digitalWrite(pulse_6, !(digitalRead(pulse_5)));
79
80    digitalWrite(pulse_3, digitalRead(pulse_5));
81    digitalWrite(pulse_4, digitalRead(pulse_6));
82
83    delayMicroseconds(us-55);
84    //delay(1);
85
86    //T1
87    digitalWrite(clk,
88  !(digitalRead(clk)));
89    digitalWrite(pulse_1, LOW);
90    digitalWrite(pulse_2,
91  HIGH);
92    delayMicroseconds(us);
93    //    delay(1);
94
95    //T2
96
97    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
98    delayMicroseconds(us);
99    //
100    delay(1);
101
102    //T3
103    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
104
105    delayMicroseconds(us);
106    //    delay(1);
107
108    //T4
109    digitalWrite(clk,
110  !(digitalRead(clk)));
111    delayMicroseconds(us);
112    //    delay(1);
113
114
115    //T5
116    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
117    delayMicroseconds(us);
118
119    //    delay(1);
120
121    //T6
122    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
123
124    vin=analogRead(0);
125    delayMicroseconds(us-100);
126    //    delay(1);
127
128
129    //T7
130    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
131    if (!fixed_pulse)
132  us = 500 + vin;
133    delayMicroseconds(us);
134    //    delay(1);
135
136    //T8
137
138    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
139    delayMicroseconds(us);
140    //
141    delay(1);
142
143    //T9
144    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
145
146    delayMicroseconds(us);
147    //    delay(1);
148
149  }
150  else // Modo 1
151  Gerador de sinusoide PWM + Controlador PWM
152  {
153    x = x + 15;
154    if (x
155  > 628) x = 0;
156    vin = analogRead(0);
157    vout = int(vin / 4); // 1023/4
158  = 255, valor maximo que se pode escrever num porto PWM (8 bit)
159
160    analog_1
161  = int(128 + (vout / 2) * (sin(x / 100)));
162    analog_2 = int(128 + (vout / 2)
163  * (sin(3.14 + x / 100)));
164    analogWrite(sin_1, analog_1);
165    analogWrite(sin_2,
166  analog_2);
167    analogWrite(led_1, vout); // Saida PWM 1
168    analogWrite(led_2,
169  255 - vout); //Saida PWM 2 simetrica da 1
170    //digitalWrite(clk, !digitalRead(clk));
171
172  }
173
174}
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/* Arduino PWM Demo Board
 2015 Luis Sousa */

//Definio dos
  pinos
int pulse_1 = 0;    // pulse 10% on no pino x
int pulse_2 = 1;    //
  pulse 10% off no pino x
int pulse_3 = 2;    // inverter pulse 50% no pino x
int
  pulse_4 = 3;    // inverter pulse 50% no pino x
int pulse_5 = 5;    // 20ms 50
  hz 50% no pino x
int pulse_6 = 6;    // 20ms 50 hz 50% invertida no pino x
int
  sin_1 = 5;      // saida sinusoidal 1 no pino x
int sin_2 = 6;      // saida
  sinusoidal 2 no pino x
int clk = 13;       // clock no pino x
int led_1 =
  10;     // led 1 no pino x
int led_2 = 11;     // led 2 no pino x
int switchPin
  = 4;  // Comuta modo 1 ou modo 2 no pino x

// Inicializao de variaveis
int
  analog_1 = 0;  //Valores da sinusoide 1
int analog_2 = 0;  //Valores da sinusoide
  2
float x = 0;
int us = 975;
int vin = 0;
int vout = 0;
boolean fixed_pulse
  = false; //permite variar a frequencia dos impulsos no modo 2

void setup()
{

  pinMode(pulse_1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pulse_2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pulse_3,
  OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pulse_4, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pulse_5, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pulse_6,
  OUTPUT);
  pinMode(sin_1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(sin_2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(led_1,
  OUTPUT);
  pinMode(led_2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(clk, OUTPUT);        //clock
  & LED de monitorizaao
  pinMode(switchPin, INPUT);   //Comuta modo 1 ou modo
  2
  pinMode(7, OUTPUT);          // seleccao de modo. Pino 7 liga switchPin

  digitalWrite(7, HIGH);     // seleccao de modo. Pino 7 LOW/HIGH
}

void
  loop()
{


  if (digitalRead(switchPin) == LOW) // Modo 2 - Gerador
  de impulsos
  {
    //T0
    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));

    digitalWrite(pulse_1, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(pulse_2, LOW);
    digitalWrite(pulse_5,
  !(digitalRead(pulse_5)));
    digitalWrite(pulse_6, !(digitalRead(pulse_5)));

    digitalWrite(pulse_3, digitalRead(pulse_5));
    digitalWrite(pulse_4, digitalRead(pulse_6));

    delayMicroseconds(us-55);
    //delay(1);

    //T1
    digitalWrite(clk,
  !(digitalRead(clk)));
    digitalWrite(pulse_1, LOW);
    digitalWrite(pulse_2,
  HIGH);
    delayMicroseconds(us);
    //    delay(1);

    //T2

    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
    delayMicroseconds(us);
    //
    delay(1);

    //T3
    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));

    delayMicroseconds(us);
    //    delay(1);

    //T4
    digitalWrite(clk,
  !(digitalRead(clk)));
    delayMicroseconds(us);
    //    delay(1);


    //T5
    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
    delayMicroseconds(us);

    //    delay(1);

    //T6
    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));

    vin=analogRead(0);
    delayMicroseconds(us-100);
    //    delay(1);


    //T7
    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
    if (!fixed_pulse)
  us = 500 + vin;
    delayMicroseconds(us);
    //    delay(1);

    //T8

    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));
    delayMicroseconds(us);
    //
    delay(1);

    //T9
    digitalWrite(clk, !(digitalRead(clk)));

    delayMicroseconds(us);
    //    delay(1);

  }
  else // Modo 1
  Gerador de sinusoide PWM + Controlador PWM
  {
    x = x + 15;
    if (x
  > 628) x = 0;
    vin = analogRead(0);
    vout = int(vin / 4); // 1023/4
  = 255, valor maximo que se pode escrever num porto PWM (8 bit)

    analog_1
  = int(128 + (vout / 2) * (sin(x / 100)));
    analog_2 = int(128 + (vout / 2)
  * (sin(3.14 + x / 100)));
    analogWrite(sin_1, analog_1);
    analogWrite(sin_2,
  analog_2);
    analogWrite(led_1, vout); // Saida PWM 1
    analogWrite(led_2,
  255 - vout); //Saida PWM 2 simetrica da 1
    //digitalWrite(clk, !digitalRead(clk));

  }

}

Downloadable files

PWM Learning Board Shield PCB Diagram

JPG image of PCB. If you dont have Eagle software installed on you computer, you can view the PCB Image

PWM Learning Board Shield PCB Diagram