Watering pump

How to water a lemon tree with Arduino PRO MINI, a RTC and a pump.

Dec 26, 2019

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garden

Components and supplies

Water barrel

12V 24W power supply

Linear Regulator (7805)

Screw terminal with 4 pins

Resistor 100 ohm

Nylon spacers M3

DC Power Connector, Jack

12V= mini water pump

Resistor 10k ohm

Arduino Pro Mini 328 - 5V/16MHz

DIP / SIP Switch, 1 Circuits

I2C 16x2 Arduino LCD Display Module

Screw terminals with 2 pins

Power MOSFET N-Channel

Female header 12 positions, 1 row, 0,1"

Custom PCB

1N4007 – High Voltage, High Current Rated Diode

Cable, USB to TTL Serial Converter 5V

High Accuracy Pi RTC (DS3231)

Tactile Switch, Top Actuated

Tools and machines

Soldering Station Power Supply, For Weller WX Soldering System

Circuit Board Holder, Rework

Fume Extraction, 2.5 m Arms

Project description

Code

Untitled file

arduino

1inary file (no preview

inary file (no preview

Watering system (one pump)

arduino

Although the PCB is suitable to drive two pumps, I needed only one. So I developed the code to drive only pump 1. Obviously you can modify the code to drive both pumps with different operational times. You can also extend scheduling selections using pins 7 and 8 of the DIP switch, that I didn't use yet. In the header you will find the schedule table.

1/*  
2   Automatic watering system with pump, timer 3231, display 1602A
3   
4   Tested with Arduino UNO and PRO MINI
5      
6                 Set  time and days with the jumpers
7
8        watering interval: days
9        watering  time: seconds
10
11        J1    J2    J3                  J4    J5    J6
12       D2(H) D3(M) D4(L)  seconds      D5(H) D6(M) D7(L)   days
13        red orange  green              yellow  blue white
14         0     0     0       10          0     0     0       1
15         0     0     1       20          0     0     1       2
16         0     1     0       30          0     1     0       3
17         0     1     1       40          0     1     1       4
18         1     0     0       50          1     0     0       5
19         1     0     1       60          1     0     1       6
20         1     1     0       70          1     1     0       7
21         1     1     1       80          1     1     1       8
22      
23   The  timer will switch on the pump every ... days for ... seconds
24   
25   D11: pump  command
26
27   No allarm for low water level
28
29   Press push-button to light  display
30   
31*/
32
33#include "Wire.h"
34#include <LCD.h>
35#include  <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
36
37#define I2C_ADDR    0x3F  // Define I2C Address where  the PCF8574A is
38#define BACKLIGHT_PIN     3
39#define En_pin  2
40#define Rw_pin  1
41#define Rs_pin  0
42#define D4_pin  4
43#define D5_pin  5
44#define D6_pin  6
45#define D7_pin  7
46LiquidCrystal_I2C  lcd(I2C_ADDR,En_pin,Rw_pin,Rs_pin,D4_pin,D5_pin,D6_pin,D7_pin);
47
48int  ore=0;
49int minuti=0;
50int numeroBagnature=0;
51int secondi;
52int giorni;
53
54#define  DS3231_I2C_ADDRESS 0x68
55// Convert normal decimal numbers to binary coded decimal
56byte  decToBcd(byte val)
57{
58  return( (val/10*16) + (val%10) );
59}
60// Convert  binary coded decimal to normal decimal numbers
61byte bcdToDec(byte val)
62{
63  return( (val/16*10) + (val%16) );
64}
65
66void setDS3231time(byte second,  byte minute, byte hour, byte dayOfWeek, byte
67dayOfMonth, byte month, byte year)
68{
69  // sets time and date data to DS3231
70  Wire.beginTransmission(DS3231_I2C_ADDRESS);
71  Wire.write(0); // set next input to start at the seconds register
72  Wire.write(decToBcd(second));  // set seconds
73  Wire.write(decToBcd(minute)); // set minutes
74  Wire.write(decToBcd(hour));  // set hours
75  Wire.write(decToBcd(dayOfWeek)); // set day of week (1=Sunday,  7=Saturday)
76  Wire.write(decToBcd(dayOfMonth)); // set date (1 to 31)
77  Wire.write(decToBcd(month));  // set month
78  Wire.write(decToBcd(year)); // set year (0 to 99)
79  Wire.endTransmission();
80}
81
82void  setup()
83{
84  Wire.begin();
85  lcd.begin (16,2);
86  
87  pinMode(2, INPUT);
88  pinMode(3, INPUT);
89  pinMode(4, INPUT);
90  pinMode(5, INPUT);
91  pinMode(6,  INPUT);
92  pinMode(7, INPUT);
93  pinMode(8, INPUT);
94  pinMode(9, INPUT);
95
96  secondi = 10*(4*digitalRead(2) + 2*digitalRead(3) + digitalRead(4) +1);
97  giorni  = 4*digitalRead(5) + 2*digitalRead(6) + digitalRead(7) +1;
98// Switch on the backlight
99  lcd.setBacklightPin(BACKLIGHT_PIN,POSITIVE);
100  lcd.setBacklight(HIGH);
101  lcd.clear();
102// Visualizza le impostazioni iniziali
103  lcd.setCursor (0,  0 );        // go to the 1st line
104  lcd.print("Waters every ");
105  lcd.print(giorni);
106  lcd.print("dd");
107  lcd.setCursor (0, 1 );        // go to the 2nd line
108  lcd.print(60*ore + minuti);
109  lcd.print("'     ");
110  lcd.print(" for  ");
111  lcd.print(secondi);
112  lcd.print("''    ");
113  delay(5000);
114  lcd.clear();  
115// Pump shut-off
116  pinMode(11, OUTPUT);
117  pinMode(12,  OUTPUT);
118  digitalWrite(11, LOW);
119  digitalWrite(12, LOW);
120// set the initial  time here:
121// DS3231 seconds, minutes, hours, day, date, month, year
122  setDS3231time(0,0,0,0,0,0,0);
123}
124
125void  readDS3231time(byte *second,
126byte *minute,
127byte *hour,
128byte *dayOfWeek,
129byte  *dayOfMonth,
130byte *month,
131byte *year)
132{
133  Wire.beginTransmission(DS3231_I2C_ADDRESS);
134  Wire.write(0); // set DS3231 register pointer to 00h
135  Wire.endTransmission();
136  Wire.requestFrom(DS3231_I2C_ADDRESS, 7);
137  // request seven bytes of data from  DS3231 starting from register 00h
138  *second = bcdToDec(Wire.read() & 0x7f);
139  *minute = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
140  *hour = bcdToDec(Wire.read() & 0x3f);
141  *dayOfWeek = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
142  *dayOfMonth = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
143  *month = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
144  *year = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
145}
146
147void  bagna()
148{
149  digitalWrite(11, HIGH);
150  lcd.clear();
151  lcd.print("    WATERING    ");
152  delay(secondi*1000);
153  digitalWrite(11, LOW);
154  // After watering  resets timer e ristarts countdown
155  setDS3231time(0,0,0,0,0,0,0);
156  lcd.clear();
157  // Counts the number of waterings done
158  numeroBagnature= ++numeroBagnature;
159}
160
161void  displayTime()
162{
163  int minutiMancanti;
164  byte second, minute, hour, dayOfWeek,  dayOfMonth, month, year;
165  // retrieve data from DS3231
166  readDS3231time(&second,  &minute, &hour, &dayOfWeek, &dayOfMonth, &month,
167  &year);
168  // calculates  remaining time
169  minutiMancanti=giorni*24*60 + ore*60 + minuti - dayOfWeek*24*60  - 60*hour - minute;
170  if (minutiMancanti > 0)
171  {// send it to lcd
172    lcd.setCursor  (2, 0 );        // go to the 1st line
173    lcd.print(dayOfWeek, DEC);
174    lcd.print("gg  ");
175    if (hour<10) lcd.print("0");
176    lcd.print(hour, DEC);
177    //  convert the byte variable to a decimal number when displayed
178    lcd.print(":");
179    if (minute<10) lcd.print("0");
180    lcd.print(minute, DEC);
181    lcd.print(":");
182    if (second<10) lcd.print("0");
183    lcd.print(second, DEC);
184    lcd.setCursor  (0, 1);         // go to second line
185    lcd.print("Bagnato ");
186    lcd.print(numeroBagnature);
187    lcd.print(" volte");
188  }
189  else bagna();
190}
191
192void loop()
193{
194  displayTime();     // display the real-time clock data on the display,
195  delay(500);        // every half second
196  lcd.setCursor(0,1);
197  lcd.print("           ");
198}
199

/*  
   Automatic watering system with pump, timer 3231, display 1602A
   
   Tested with Arduino UNO and PRO MINI
      
                 Set  time and days with the jumpers

        watering interval: days
        watering  time: seconds

        J1    J2    J3                  J4    J5    J6
       D2(H) D3(M) D4(L)  seconds      D5(H) D6(M) D7(L)   days
        red orange  green              yellow  blue white
         0     0     0       10          0     0     0       1
         0     0     1       20          0     0     1       2
         0     1     0       30          0     1     0       3
         0     1     1       40          0     1     1       4
         1     0     0       50          1     0     0       5
         1     0     1       60          1     0     1       6
         1     1     0       70          1     1     0       7
         1     1     1       80          1     1     1       8
      
   The  timer will switch on the pump every ... days for ... seconds
   
   D11: pump  command

   No allarm for low water level

   Press push-button to light  display
   
*/

#include "Wire.h"
#include <LCD.h>
#include  <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>

#define I2C_ADDR    0x3F  // Define I2C Address where  the PCF8574A is
#define BACKLIGHT_PIN     3
#define En_pin  2
#define Rw_pin  1
#define Rs_pin  0
#define D4_pin  4
#define D5_pin  5
#define D6_pin  6
#define D7_pin  7
LiquidCrystal_I2C  lcd(I2C_ADDR,En_pin,Rw_pin,Rs_pin,D4_pin,D5_pin,D6_pin,D7_pin);

int  ore=0;
int minuti=0;
int numeroBagnature=0;
int secondi;
int giorni;

#define  DS3231_I2C_ADDRESS 0x68
// Convert normal decimal numbers to binary coded decimal
byte  decToBcd(byte val)
{
  return( (val/10*16) + (val%10) );
}
// Convert  binary coded decimal to normal decimal numbers
byte bcdToDec(byte val)
{
  return( (val/16*10) + (val%16) );
}

void setDS3231time(byte second,  byte minute, byte hour, byte dayOfWeek, byte
dayOfMonth, byte month, byte year)
{
  // sets time and date data to DS3231
  Wire.beginTransmission(DS3231_I2C_ADDRESS);
  Wire.write(0); // set next input to start at the seconds register
  Wire.write(decToBcd(second));  // set seconds
  Wire.write(decToBcd(minute)); // set minutes
  Wire.write(decToBcd(hour));  // set hours
  Wire.write(decToBcd(dayOfWeek)); // set day of week (1=Sunday,  7=Saturday)
  Wire.write(decToBcd(dayOfMonth)); // set date (1 to 31)
  Wire.write(decToBcd(month));  // set month
  Wire.write(decToBcd(year)); // set year (0 to 99)
  Wire.endTransmission();
}

void  setup()
{
  Wire.begin();
  lcd.begin (16,2);
  
  pinMode(2, INPUT);
  pinMode(3, INPUT);
  pinMode(4, INPUT);
  pinMode(5, INPUT);
  pinMode(6,  INPUT);
  pinMode(7, INPUT);
  pinMode(8, INPUT);
  pinMode(9, INPUT);

  secondi = 10*(4*digitalRead(2) + 2*digitalRead(3) + digitalRead(4) +1);
  giorni  = 4*digitalRead(5) + 2*digitalRead(6) + digitalRead(7) +1;
// Switch on the backlight
  lcd.setBacklightPin(BACKLIGHT_PIN,POSITIVE);
  lcd.setBacklight(HIGH);
  lcd.clear();
// Visualizza le impostazioni iniziali
  lcd.setCursor (0,  0 );        // go to the 1st line
  lcd.print("Waters every ");
  lcd.print(giorni);
  lcd.print("dd");
  lcd.setCursor (0, 1 );        // go to the 2nd line
  lcd.print(60*ore + minuti);
  lcd.print("'     ");
  lcd.print(" for  ");
  lcd.print(secondi);
  lcd.print("''    ");
  delay(5000);
  lcd.clear();  
// Pump shut-off
  pinMode(11, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(12,  OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(11, LOW);
  digitalWrite(12, LOW);
// set the initial  time here:
// DS3231 seconds, minutes, hours, day, date, month, year
  setDS3231time(0,0,0,0,0,0,0);
}

void  readDS3231time(byte *second,
byte *minute,
byte *hour,
byte *dayOfWeek,
byte  *dayOfMonth,
byte *month,
byte *year)
{
  Wire.beginTransmission(DS3231_I2C_ADDRESS);
  Wire.write(0); // set DS3231 register pointer to 00h
  Wire.endTransmission();
  Wire.requestFrom(DS3231_I2C_ADDRESS, 7);
  // request seven bytes of data from  DS3231 starting from register 00h
  *second = bcdToDec(Wire.read() & 0x7f);
  *minute = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
  *hour = bcdToDec(Wire.read() & 0x3f);
  *dayOfWeek = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
  *dayOfMonth = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
  *month = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
  *year = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
}

void  bagna()
{
  digitalWrite(11, HIGH);
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.print("    WATERING    ");
  delay(secondi*1000);
  digitalWrite(11, LOW);
  // After watering  resets timer e ristarts countdown
  setDS3231time(0,0,0,0,0,0,0);
  lcd.clear();
  // Counts the number of waterings done
  numeroBagnature= ++numeroBagnature;
}

void  displayTime()
{
  int minutiMancanti;
  byte second, minute, hour, dayOfWeek,  dayOfMonth, month, year;
  // retrieve data from DS3231
  readDS3231time(&second,  &minute, &hour, &dayOfWeek, &dayOfMonth, &month,
  &year);
  // calculates  remaining time
  minutiMancanti=giorni*24*60 + ore*60 + minuti - dayOfWeek*24*60  - 60*hour - minute;
  if (minutiMancanti > 0)
  {// send it to lcd
    lcd.setCursor  (2, 0 );        // go to the 1st line
    lcd.print(dayOfWeek, DEC);
    lcd.print("gg  ");
    if (hour<10) lcd.print("0");
    lcd.print(hour, DEC);
    //  convert the byte variable to a decimal number when displayed
    lcd.print(":");
    if (minute<10) lcd.print("0");
    lcd.print(minute, DEC);
    lcd.print(":");
    if (second<10) lcd.print("0");
    lcd.print(second, DEC);
    lcd.setCursor  (0, 1);         // go to second line
    lcd.print("Bagnato ");
    lcd.print(numeroBagnature);
    lcd.print(" volte");
  }
  else bagna();
}

void loop()
{
  displayTime();     // display the real-time clock data on the display,
  delay(500);        // every half second
  lcd.setCursor(0,1);
  lcd.print("           ");
}

Untitled file

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1inary file (no preview

inary file (no preview

Downloadable files

Schematics and circuits drawn using FRITZING

Geerber files for the PCB

Schematics and circuits drawn using FRITZING

Geerber files for the PCB

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